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Home / IAS Preparation / Science & Technology Notes / RESOURCESAT-2A ISRO Space Mission

RESOURCESAT-2A ISRO Mission: Launch Date, Status & Objectives

Last Updated on Jun 30, 2025
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India’s space programme, led by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has evolved from modest beginnings into one of the most respected space agencies in the world. Over the years, ISRO has designed and executed a range of missions—from satellite navigation, Earth observation, interplanetary exploration, to solar studies—that have not only enhanced India’s technological self-reliance but also contributed to global scientific collaboration. Its cost-effective approaches and mission diversity—from Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan to Aditya-L1 and the upcoming Gaganyaan—have become case studies in innovation.

For UPSC aspirants, ISROs journey is more than current affairs—it directly intersects with the syllabus of General Studies Paper 3 (Science & Technology), provides examples for GS Paper 2 (International Relations, Governance), and can enrich perspectives in the Essay Paper, Ethics, and even Optional subjects like Geography or PSIR. In this article, we will explore detailed insights about ISRO RESOURCESAT-2A Mission —its objectives, timelines, key technologies, and strategic implications.

ISRO RESOURCESAT-2A Mission Overview

As a Earth Observation initiative, ISROs RESOURCESAT-2A contributes to ISRO’s broader programmatic roadmap.ISRO positioned RESOURCESAT-2A in Earth to meet its operational goals.

  • RESOURCESAT-2A lifted off using the PSLV-C36.
  • The selected launch site for the operation was Satish Dhawan Space Centre.
  • The core purpose behind RESOURCESAT-2A was to Resource monitoring.
  • As a secondary focus, RESOURCESAT-2A was intended to Agriculture, forestry, disaster management.
  • Based on mission tracking, the operational state is Extended Mission / End-of-Life.

RESOURCESAT-2A Space Mission Overview for UPSC

Mission Name

RESOURCESAT-2A

Mission Abbreviation

RESOURCESAT-2A

Mission Type

Earth Observation

Target Celestial Body or Orbit

Earth

Primary Objective

Resource monitoring

Secondary Objectives

Agriculture, forestry, disaster management

Mission Status

Extended Mission / End-of-Life

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Timeline & Milestones of ISRO RESOURCESAT-2A Mission
  • The mission timeline of RESOURCESAT-2A began with its launch on December 7, 2016.
  • The primary mission life of RESOURCESAT-2A is projected to conclude around Around 2021 (5 year life).

Timeline & Milestones

Proposal Date

N/A

Critical Design Review (CDR) Date

N/A

Assembly Complete Date

N/A

Launch Date

December 7, 2016

Landing / Flyby Date

N/A

End of Primary Mission Date

Around 2021 (5 year life)

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ISRO RESOURCESAT-2A Mission Technical Specifications

As a Earth Observation mission, RESOURCESAT-2A was built around a configuration involving Follow-on to RESOURCESAT-1 and 2.For RESOURCESAT-2A, mission planners determined Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbit (SSPO) to be optimal based on the payload configuration and coverage zone.

  • To fulfill its scientific mandate, RESOURCESAT-2A carried instruments such as LISS-4, LISS-3, AWiFS cameras.
  • To support telemetry, tracking, and command operations, RESOURCESAT-2A used X-band (data transmission).
  • The mission adopted Multispectral imaging to meet its operational and scientific requirements.

Technical Specifications

Spacecraft Technical Specifications

Follow-on to RESOURCESAT-1 and 2

Scientific Payloads

LISS-4, LISS-3, AWiFS cameras

Orbit Details

Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbit (SSPO)

Communication Frequencies / Band

X-band (data transmission)

Key Technologies Used

Multispectral imaging

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RESOURCESAT-2A Launch Information
  • RESOURCESAT-2A was launched on December 7, 2016.
  • The launch of RESOURCESAT-2A was carried out by the PSLV-C36.
  • The launch took place at Satish Dhawan Space Centre.

Launch Information

Launch Vehicle

PSLV-C36

Launch Site

Satish Dhawan Space Centre

Who are the Stakeholders & Collaborators?

The agencies supporting the mission include ISRO.

  • Mission documentation states that National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) is responsible for distributing the data outputs of RESOURCESAT-2A.

Stakeholders & Collaboration

Agencies Involved

ISRO

Commercial Partners

N/A

International Partners

N/A

Payload Contributions by Partners

N/A

Data Sharing Policy

National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)

Outputs, Applications & Impact of ISRO RESOURCESAT-2A Mission

The mission is remembered for its contribution as Continuity of remote sensing data.Scientific analysis and public services were enabled through outputs like Earth observation data products.

  • The mission’s outcome supports national needs through civilian applications like Agriculture, land/water resource management, disaster monitoring.
  • ISRO positioned RESOURCESAT-2A to contribute toward strategic outcomes like Data continuity for resource monitoring, environmental studies.
  • The strategic vision behind RESOURCESAT-2A includes future missions like Possible future Resourcesat series satellites for data continuity, designed to extend the platform’s capabilities and applications.

Outputs, Applications & Impact of RESOURCESAT-2A Mission

Data Outputs and Applications

Earth observation data products

Major Achievements

Continuity of remote sensing data

Applications in Civilian Life

Agriculture, land/water resource management, disaster monitoring

Impact on Policy & Global Collaboration

N/A

Environmental Impact & Sustainability

N/A

Strategic Significance & Policy Alignment

Data continuity for resource monitoring, environmental studies

Follow-up Missions or Extensions

Possible future Resourcesat series satellites for data continuity

Cost Estimate

N/A

ISRO RESOURCESAT-2A Space Mission Risks, Failures & Mitigation


    Risks, Failures & Mitigation

    Challenges Faced

    N/A

    Risk Mitigation Measures

    N/A

    Failures or Anomalies

    N/A

    Corrective Actions Taken

    N/A

    Lessons Learned

    N/A

    UPSC Relevance of ISRO RESOURCESAT-2A Space Mission
    • Understanding the basic structure of ISRO, its launch centres, and satellite series (such as GSAT, INSAT, or CARTOSAT) is crucial for tackling Prelims questions with precision.
    • ISRO missions are highly relevant to UPSC Mains, particularly in GS Paper III, where candidates must understand the role of space technology in development, disaster management, communication, and governance.
    • ISRO’s space missions offer rich content for UPSC essays on themes like innovation, scientific temper, national self-reliance, or institutional excellence.
    • Questions on governance, planning, or policy effectiveness can refer to ISRO’s mission execution timelines and success rates.

    Past UPSC Mains PYQs on ISRO Space Missions

    Q1. Discuss the role of the private sector in the growth of the space industry in India. How has the governments policy of 2023 affected it? (2023, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q2. What is India’s plan to have its own space station and how will it benefit our space programme? (2022 & 2019, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q3. Space has been the next big frontier for mankind after sea and land. In this context, discuss Indias policy and preparedness for space wars. (2019, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q4. Discuss the utility of the Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) for India. (2016, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Q5. What do you understand by Standard Positioning Systems and Precision Positioning Systems in the GPS era? Discuss the advantages India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS programme employing just seven satellites. (2015, GS Paper 3 - Science & Technology)

    Past UPSC Prelims PYQs on ISRO Space Missions

    Q1 [2025]: GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) uses a system of ground stations to provide necessary augmentation. Which of the following statements is/are correct in respect of GAGAN?

    I. It is designed to provide additional accuracy and integrity.
    II. It will allow more uniform and high quality air traffic management.
    III. It will provide benefits only in aviation but not in other modes of transportation.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below.

    (a) I, II and III
    (b) II and III only
    (c) I only
    (d) I and II only

    Correct Answer: (d) I and II only

    Explanation: Statements I and II correctly describe the core purpose and benefit of the GAGAN system. (I) GAGAN is designed to augment GPS signals by correcting for errors, which provides much greater accuracy and guarantees the integrity (reliability) of the positioning information. (II) This enhanced accuracy and reliability directly enables more precise aircraft routing and landing procedures, thus improving the uniformity and quality of air traffic management.

    Q2 [2022]: If a major solar storm (solar flare) reaches the Earth, which of the following are the possible effects on the Earth?

    1. GPS and navigation systems could fail.
    2. Tsunamis could occur at equatorial regions.
    3. Power grids could be damaged.
    4. Intense auroras could occur over much of the Earth.
    5. Forest fires could take place over much of the planet.
    6. Orbits of the satellites could be disturbed.
    7. Shortwave radio communication of the aircraft flying over polar regions could be interrupted.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below:

    (a) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only
    (b) 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 only
    (c) 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 only
    (d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7

    Answer: The correct answer is (c).

    Explanation: A major solar storm can disrupt GPS, power grids, satellite orbits, polar radio communication, and cause auroras, but cannot trigger tsunamis or forest fires.

    Q3 [2020]: The experiment will employ a trio of spacecraft flying in formation in the shape of an equilateral triangle that has sides one million kilometres long, with lasers shining between the craft.” The experiment in question refers to

    (a) Voyager-2
    (b) New horizons
    (c) Lisa Pathfinder
    (d) Evolved LISA

    Answer: The correct answer is (d) Evolved LISA.

    Explanation: Evolved LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) is a planned space-based gravitational wave observatory by ESA and NASA, using three spacecraft in a triangular formation with laser beams to detect cosmic gravitational waves.

    Q4 [2016]: Consider the following statements:

    The Mangalyaan launched by ISRO

    1. is also called the Mars Orbiter Mission
    2. made India the second country to have a spacecraft orbit the Mars after USA
    3. made India the only country to be successful in making its spacecraft orbit the Mars in its very first attempt

    Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

    (a) 1 only
    (b) 2 and 3 only
    (c) 1 and 3 only
    (d) 1, 2 and 3


    Answer: c) 1 and 3 only

    Explanation: Mangalyaan is the informal name of Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), launched by ISRO on 5 November 2013 and India is the only nation to date to have succeeded on its maiden attempt.

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    UPSC Practice Questions on ISRO Space Missions

    Q1. Chandrayaan-3 is the third Moon mission by Indias space agency ISRO. Consider the following statements about various lunar missions:
    1. The United States is the only country that has successfully landed humans on the Moon.
    2. The Chang'e 4 mission, conducted by China, successfully achieved the ambitious goal of collecting lunar samples from the Moons surface and returning them to Earth.
    3. LUNA and VIPER are a series of missions including orbiters, landers, and rovers sent by Russia to study the Moon.
    How many of the statements are correct?
    1. only one
    2. only two
    3. All are correct
    4. None is correct
    Answer: only one
    Solution: The correct answer is only one. Statement 1 is correct as the United States is the only country that has successfully landed humans on the Moon. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Chang'e 4 mission did not return samples to Earth. Statement 3 is also incorrect as LUNA and VIPER are not missions sent by Russia.

    Q2. Where did ISRO conduct the first ignition trial for the SCE-200 semi-cryogenic engine?
    1. Bengaluru, Karnataka
    2. Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu
    3. Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
    4. Hyderabad, Telangana
    Answer: Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu
    Solution: ISRO conducted the first ignition trial for the SCE-200 semi-cryogenic engine at its facility in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. The SCE-200 is a semi-cryogenic engine developed by ISRO for its future launch vehicles. This engine uses a combination of liquid oxygen and kerosene as propellants, which are more efficient and cost-effective compared to traditional solid or liquid engines. The successful ignition trial marks a significant milestone in India's space program, enhancing its capabilities for heavier payloads.

    Q3. Consider the following statements about the humanoids skull for the Gaganyaan mission:
    1. The humanoids skull is designed and developed by experts at the ISRO Inertial Systems Unit IISU, Thiruvananthapuram.
    2. The skull weighs 800 grams and measures 200 mm x 220 mm.
    3. It is made from a high-strength aluminum alloy to withstand pressure and vibration.
    Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
    1. 1 and 2 only
    2. 1 only
    3. None
    4. 1, 2, and 3
    Answer: option 3
    Solution: The correct answer is option 3. All statements are correct. The humanoids skull has been designed and developed by experts at the ISRO Inertial Systems Unit IISU, Thiruvananthapuram. It weighs 800 grams and has dimensions of 200 mm x 220 mm. The skull is constructed from a high-strength aluminum alloy to endure the pressure and vibration experienced during the mission.

    Q4. In the context of Chandrayaan - 3, the names of Lander and Rover respectively are -
    1. Vikram and Pragyan
    2. Vikram and Aditya
    3. Aditya and Vikram
    4. Pragyan and Aditya
    Answer: Vikram and Pragyan
    Solution: Vikram is the name of the lander used in the Chandrayaan-3 mission. Pragyan is the name of the rover used in the Chandrayaan-3 mission. Vikram is named after Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the father of the Indian space program. Pragyan means wisdom in Sanskrit, symbolizing the rovers role in conducting scientific experiments.

    Q5. Which space organisation has successfully conducted cheapest mars mission?
    1. ISRO
    2. NASA
    3. Roscosmos
    4. JAXA
    Answer: ISRO
    Solution: The Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO successfully conducted the Mars Orbiter Mission MOM, also known as Mangalyaan, which is the cheapest Mars mission ever. Mangalyaan was launched on 5 November 2013, and it successfully entered Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. The missions total cost was approximately INR 450 crore around USD 74 million, making it the most economical Mars mission. ISRO became the fourth space agency in the world to reach Mars, and the first to do so in its maiden attempt.

    Q6. Who among the following have been selected to be the astronauts on Indias first crewed mission to space?
    I. Wing Commander Shubanshu Shukla
    II. Group Captain P. Balakrishnan Nair
    III. Group Captain Pankaj M. Sinha
    IV. Group Captain Ajit Krishnan
    V. Group Captain Angad Pratap
    Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
    1. I, II, III and V
    2. I, III, IV and V
    3. I, II, III and IV
    4. I, II, IV and V
    Answer: I, II, IV and V
    Solution: The correct answer is I, II, IV and V. Wing Commander Shubanshu Shukla, Group Captain P. Balakrishnan Nair, Group Captain Ajit Krishnan, and Group Captain Angad Pratap have been selected to be the astronauts for Indias first crewed mission to space. Group Captain Pankaj M. Sinha is not selected for this mission. These astronauts will undergo rigorous training for the mission, which includes physical, technical, and psychological training.

    Q7. When is GAGANYAAN, the manned project of ISRO, proposed to launch?
    1. December 2021
    2. November 2021
    3. October 2021
    4. September 2021
    Answer: December 2021
    Solution: The correct answer is December 2021. Gaganyaan is Indias first manned mission to space. The mission aims to send a three-member crew to space for a minimum of seven days. The spacecraft will be placed in a low earth orbit of 300-400 km. Gaganyaan is expected to be launched in December 2021, as proposed by ISRO.

    Q8. The Aditya L1 first space-based observatory-class solar mission was launched on?
    1. September 2, 2023
    2. September 9, 2023
    3. September 2, 2022
    4. October 2, 2023
    Answer: September 2, 2023
    Solution: The correct answer is September 2, 2023. The Aditya L1 mission is Indias first space-based observatory-class solar mission. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation ISRO on September 2, 2023. The primary objective of Aditya L1 is to study the Suns outermost layers, including the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. The mission aims to understand the dynamics of solar activities and their impact on space weather.

    Q9. Which one of the following PSLVs, launched by ISRO, is not correctly matched with their Missions?
    1. a
    2. b
    3. c
    4. d
    Answer: PSLV C57 - DS-SAR
    Solution: The correct answer is PSLV C57 - DS-SAR. PSLV C57 was launched by ISRO to deploy the DS-SAR satellite, a synthetic aperture radar satellite developed collaboratively by Singapore and Israel. DS-SAR is not associated with the Indian Space Research Organizations ISRO primary mission portfolio as ISRO frequently launches satellites for various nations. The matching of PSLV C57 with DS-SAR is incorrect in terms of ISROs internal mission objectives.

    Q10. The term Axiom Mission 4 Ax-4, recently seen in the news, refers to:
    1. NASAs latest crewed lunar landing mission under the Artemis program
    2. The fourth government-backed Indian astronaut training program conducted by ISRO
    3. A private astronaut mission to the International Space Station involving India and other countries
    4. An EU-sponsored deep space telescope launch under ESAs Cosmic Vision 2050
    Answer: option 3
    Solution: The correct answer is option 3. Axiom Mission 4, featuring Indian astronaut Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, has been postponed again due to a liquid oxygen LOx leak, affecting its revised June 2025 launch schedule. Ax-4 is the fourth private astronaut mission to the International Space Station ISS, led by Axiom Space in collaboration with NASA, SpaceX, and ISRO. The mission includes crew members from the USA, India, Poland, and Hungary, promoting international collaboration in human spaceflight. The mission objective is to conduct commercial research, scientific experiments, and demonstrate the potential of commercial space stations. It marks Indias return to spaceflight after 41 years, the last being Rakesh Sharma in 1984.

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