Quick Links
Quick Links
UPSC Exams
Latest Update
Coaching
UPSC Current Affairs
Syllabus
UPSC Notes
Previous Year Papers
UPSC Mains Previous Year Question Papers Last 25 Years UPSC Prelims Question Papers Last 10 Years UPSC Question Papers UPSC CSE Prelims 2025 Question Paper UPSC Mains 2024 Model Answers UPSC 2024 Question Papers UPSC 2023 Question Papers UPSC 2022 Question Papers UPSC 2021 Question Papers UPSC 2020 Question Papers UPSC 2019 Question Papers UPSC 2018 Question Papers UPSC 2017 Question Papers UPSC 2016 Question Papers UPSC 2015 Question Papers UPSC 2014 Question Papers UPSC CSAT Question Papers UPSC IFS Previous Year Paper UPSC Assistant Labour Commissioner Previous Question Year Papers UPSC Combined Geo Scientist Previous Year Paper UPSC APFC Previous Year Question Papers UPSC CMS Previous Year Question Paper UPSC EPFO Previous Year Paper UPSC Air Safety Officer Previous Year Papers UPSC SO Steno Previous Year Paper UPSC IES ISS Previous Year Question Papers
Mock Tests
UPSC Editorial
Bilateral Ties
Albania India Relations India Algeria Relations Andorra India Relations India Angola Relations India Antigua Barbuda Relations India Argentina Relations Austria India Relations India Azerbaijan Relations Bahamas India Relations India Bahrain Relations Barbados India Relations India Belarus Relations Belgium India Relations Belize India Relations Benin India Relations Bolivia India Relations India Bosnia Herzegovina Relations India Botswana Relations Brazil India Relations Brunei India Relations Bulgaria India Relations Burundi India Relations Cabo Verde India Relations India Cambodia Relations India Cameroon Relations Canada India Relations India Cayman Islands Relations India Central African Republic Relations India Chad Relations Chile India Relations India Colombia Relations India Comoros Relations India Democratic Republic Of The Congo Relations India Republic Of The Congo Relations India Cook Islands Relations India Costa Rica Relations India Ivory Coast Relations India Croatia Relations India Cyprus Relations India Czech Republic Relations India Djibouti Relations India Dominica Relations India Dominican Republic Relations India Ecuador Relations India El Salvador Relations India Equatorial Guinea Relations India Eritrea Relations Estonia India Relations India Ethiopia Relations India Fiji Relations India Finland Relations India Gabon Relations India Gambia Relations India Georgia Relations Germany India Relations India Ghana Relations India Greece Relations India Grenada Relations India Guatemala Relations India Guinea Relations India Guinea Bissau Relations India Guyana Relations India Haiti Relations India Holy See Relations India Honduras Relations India Hong Kong Relations India Hungary Relations India Iceland Relations India Indonesia Relations India Iran Relations India Iraq Relations India Ireland Relations India Jamaica Relations India Kazakhstan Relations India Kenya Relations India Kingdom Of Eswatini Relations India Kiribati Relations India Kuwait Relations India Kyrgyzstan Relations India Laos Relations Latvia India Relations India Lebanon Relations India Lesotho Relations India Liberia Relations Libya India Relations Liechtenstein India Relations India Lithuania Relations India Luxembourg Relations India Macao Relations Madagascar India Relations India Malawi Relations India Mali Relations India Malta Relations India Marshall Islands Relations India Mauritania Relations India Micronesia Relations India Moldova Relations Monaco India Relations India Montenegro Relations India Montserrat Relations India Morocco Relations Mozambique India Relations India Namibia Relations India Nauru Relations Netherlands India Relations India Nicaragua Relations India Niger Relations India Nigeria Relations India Niue Relations India North Macedonia Relations Norway India Relations India Palau Relations India Panama Relations India Papua New Guinea Relations India Paraguay Relations Peru India Relations India Philippines Relations Qatar India Relations India Romania Relations Rwanda India Relations India Saint Kitts And Nevis Relations India Saint Lucia Relations India Saint Vincent And Grenadines Relations India Samoa Relations India Sao Tome And Principe Relations Saudi Arabia India Relations India Senegal Relations Serbia India Relations India Sierra Leone Relations India Singapore Relations India Slovak Republic Relations India Slovenia Relations India Solomon Islands Relations Somalia India Relations India South Sudan Relations India Spain Relations India Sudan Relations Suriname India Relations India Sweden Relations India Syria Relations India Tajikistan Relations Tanzania India Relations India Togo Relations India Tonga Islands Relations India Trinidad And Tobago Relations India Tunisia Relations India Turkmenistan Relations India Turks And Caicos Islands Relations India Tuvalu Relations India Uganda Relations India Ukraine Relations India Uae Relations India Uruguay Relations India Uzbekistan Relations India Vanuatu Relations India Venezuela Relations India British Virgin Islands Relations Yemen India Relations India Zambia Relations India Zimbabwe Relations
Books
Government Schemes
Production Linked Incentive Scheme Integrated Processing Development Scheme Rodtep Scheme Amended Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme Saathi Scheme Uday Scheme Hriday Scheme Samagra Shiksha Scheme India Nishta Scheme Stand Up India Scheme Sahakar Mitra Scheme Mdms Mid Day Meal Scheme Integrated Child Protection Scheme Vatsalya Scheme Operation Green Scheme Nai Roshni Scheme Nutrient Based Subsidy Scheme Kalia Scheme Ayushman Sahakar Scheme Nirvik Scheme Fame India Scheme Kusum Scheme Pm Svanidhi Scheme Pmvvy Scheme Pm Aasha Scheme Pradhan Mantri Mahila Shakti Kendra Scheme Pradhan Mantri Lpg Panjayat Scheme Mplads Scheme Svamitva Scheme Pat Scheme Udan Scheme Ek Bharat Shresth Bharat Scheme National Pension Scheme Ujala Scheme Operation Greens Scheme Gold Monetisation Scheme Family Planning Insurance Scheme Target Olympic Podium Scheme
Topics
NASA Space Missions
NASA Mercury-Redstone 3 (Freedom 7) Mission NASA Mercury-Redstone 4 (Liberty Bell 7) Mission NASA Mercury-Atlas 6 (Friendship 7) Mission NASA Mercury-Atlas 7 (Aurora 7) Mission NASA Mercury-Atlas 8 (Sigma 7) Mission NASA Mercury-Atlas 9 (Faith 7) Mission NASA Gemini 3 Mission NASA Gemini 4 Mission NASA Gemini 5 Mission NASA Gemini 7 Mission NASA Gemini 8 Mission NASA Gemini 9 Mission NASA Gemini 10 Mission NASA Gemini 11 Mission NASA Gemini 12 Mission NASA Apollo 1 (AS‑204) Mission NASA Apollo 7 Mission NASA Apollo 8 Mission NASA Apollo 9 Mission NASA Apollo 10 Mission NASA Apollo 11 Mission NASA Apollo 12 Mission NASA Apollo 13 Mission NASA Apollo 14 Mission NASA Apollo 15 Mission NASA Apollo 16 Mission NASA Apollo 17 Mission NASA Skylab Orbital Workshop Mission NASA Skylab 2 Mission NASA Skylab 3 Mission NASA Skylab 4 Mission NASA Apollo–Soyuz Test Project Mission NASA STS‑1 Columbia Mission NASA STS‑3 Columbia Mission NASA STS‑7 Challenger Mission NASA STS‑8 Challenger Mission NASA STS‑41B Challenger Mission NASA STS‑41G Discovery (1st female EVA) Mission NASA STS‑51L Challenger (accident) Mission NASA STS‑26 Discovery (Return‑to‑Flight) Mission NASA STS‑31 Discovery (Hubble Launch) Mission NASA STS‑49 Endeavour (first capture EVA) Mission NASA STS‑61 Endeavour (Hubble Servicing 1) Mission NASA STS‑73 Columbia (microgravity) Mission NASA STS‑95 Discovery (John Glenn returns) Mission NASA STS‑107 Columbia (accident) Mission NASA STS‑114 Discovery (RTF‑2) Mission NASA STS‑120 Discovery (Node 2) Mission NASA STS‑125 Atlantis (Final Hubble Service) Mission NASA STS‑132 Atlantis Mission NASA STS‑135 Atlantis (Final Shuttle flight) Mission NASA Artemis I (Orion/ SLS‑1) Mission NASA Artemis II (Planned) Mission NASA Artemis III (Planned lunar landing) Mission NASA Mariner 4 Mission NASA Mariner 6 Mission NASA Mariner 7 Mission NASA Mariner 9 Mission NASA Viking 1 Orbiter/Lander Mission NASA Viking 2 Orbiter/Lander Mission NASA Mars Pathfinder & Sojourner Mission NASA Mars Global Surveyor Mission NASA 2001 Mars Odyssey Mission NASA Mars Exploration Rover – Spirit Mission NASA Mars Exploration Rover – Opportunity Mission NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission NASA Phoenix Mars Lander Mission NASA InSight Mars Lander Mission NASA Mars 2020 (Perseverance & Ingenuity) Mission NASA Mars Sample Return – SRL (planned) Mission NASA Pioneer 10 Mission NASA Pioneer 11 Mission NASA Voyager 1 Mission NASA Voyager 2 Mission NASA Galileo Jupiter Orbiter/Probe Mission NASA Cassini–Huygens Mission NASA New Horizons (Pluto & KBO) Mission NASA Juno Mission NASA Europa Clipper (planned) Mission NASA Parker Solar Probe Mission NASA Solar Orbiter (ESA/NASA) Mission NASA Surveyor 1 Mission NASA Lunar Orbiter 1 Mission NASA Lunar Prospector Mission NASA LCROSS Mission NASA LADEE Mission NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Mission NASA CAPSTONE Mission NASA VIPER Rover (planned) Mission NASA NEAR Shoemaker Mission NASA Deep Space 1 Mission NASA Stardust Mission NASA Genesis Mission NASA Deep Impact Mission NASA Dawn (Vesta/Ceres) Mission NASA OSIRIS‑REx Mission NASA Lucy Mission NASA DART Mission NASA Landsat‑1 (ERTS‑1) Mission NASA Landsat‑5 Mission NASA Landsat‑9 Mission NASA Terra Mission NASA Aqua Mission NASA Aura Mission NASA Suomi NPP Mission NASA Sentinel‑6 Michael Freilich Mission NASA ICESat‑2 Mission NASA GRACE‑FO Mission NASA SMAP Mission NASA GPM Core Observatory Mission NASA CALIPSO Mission NASA CloudSat Mission NASA NISAR (NASA‑ISRO) Mission NASA Explorer 1 Mission NASA COBE Mission NASA Compton Gamma Ray Observatory Mission NASA Hubble Space Telescope Mission NASA Chandra X‑ray Observatory Mission NASA Spitzer Space Telescope Mission NASA WISE Mission NASA Kepler Mission NASA TESS Mission NASA Fermi Gamma‑ray Space Telescope Mission NASA NICER Mission NASA IXPE Mission NASA Roman Space Telescope (planned) Mission NASA NuSTAR Mission NASA GALEX Mission NASA Swift Mission NASA SOHO (ESA/NASA) Mission NASA Cluster II (ESA/NASA) Mission NASA TIMED Mission NASA STEREO‑A/B Mission NASA MMS Mission NASA IRIS Mission NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory Mission NASA X‑37B OTV‑1 (USAF/NASA liaison) Mission NASA X‑59 QueSST Mission NASA Mars Helicopter Ingenuity Mission NASA Valkyrie R5 Robot Mission NASA Low‑Boom Flight Demo Mission NASA CRS‑1 Dragon Mission NASA CRS‑1 Cygnus Mission NASA Crew Dragon Demo‑2 Mission NASA Starliner OFT‑2 Mission NASA STS-2 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-4 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-5 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-6 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-41C (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-41D (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-51A (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-61C (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-26 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-27 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-29 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-30 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-32 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-34 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-38 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-45 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-60 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-70 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-71 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-73 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-88 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-92 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-97 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-99 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-100 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-104 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-106 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-110 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-112 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-115 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-116 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-117 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-118 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-120 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-122 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-123 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-126 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA STS-130 (Shuttle flight) Mission NASA Vanguard 1 Mission NASA Transit 1B Mission NASA Echo 1 Mission NASA Telstar 1 Mission NASA Syncom 3 Mission NASA ATS‑6 Mission NASA Skynet Mission NASA Nimbus‑1 Mission NASA Nimbus‑7 Mission NASA ERS-1 Mission NASA SeaSat Mission NASA QuikSCAT Mission NASA Jason‑1 Mission NASA Jason‑3 Mission NASA ICESat Mission NASA Earth Observing‑1 Mission NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory‑2 Mission NASA CYGNSS Mission NASA PACE Mission NASA TRMM Mission NASA Terrestrial Planet Finder (cxl) Mission NASA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) Mission NASA Explorer 33 Mission NASA Voyager Interstellar Mission Mission NASA Helios‑A Mission NASA Helios‑B Mission NASA ISEE‑3 (ICE) Mission NASA ACE Mission NASA DSCOVR Mission NASA IBEX Mission NASA Solar Orbiter Heliospheric Imager Mission NASA SAGE‑III ISS Mission NASA SPACE Telescope Imaging Spectrograph Mission NASA ARIEL (ESA/NASA) Mission NASA OSAM‑1 (Restore‑L) Mission NASA Dragonfly (Titan rotorcraft) Mission NASA VERITAS (Venus orbiter) Mission NASA DAVINCI (Venus probe) Mission NASA SPHEREx Mission NASA MAGGIE (Mars Geophysical) Mission NASA CLPS – Peregrine Mission NASA CLPS – VIPER Delivery Mission NASA CAPSTONE Mission NASA Gateway (HALO / PPE) Mission NASA Mars Telecommunication Orbiter (cxl) Mission NASA Mars Polar Lander (MPL) Mission NASA Mars Climate Orbiter Mission NASA Pathfinder Mission Mission NASA SLS Block 1B (Exploration Upper Stage) Mission NASA Orion Crew Module Mission NASA Commercial LEO Destinations – Axiom Station Mission NASA ISS Expedition 1 Mission NASA ISS Expedition 70 Mission NASA CRS‑11 (Dragon) Mission NASA CRS‑21 (Dragon 2) Mission NASA Snoopy CubeSat Mission
Home / IAS Preparation / Israel Palestine Conflict

Israel Palestine Conflict: History, Status, India’s Policy-UPSC Notes

Last Updated on Jun 16, 2025
Also Read Israel Palestine Conflict in Hindi
Download As PDF
IMPORTANT LINKS
Agriculture Notes For UPSC Public Administration UPSC Notes Modern History Books For UPSC Overseas Citizen Of India Caste System & Panchayati Raj Godavari River Federalism Indira Point New Development Bank Battle Of Sinhagad Sankalp And Strive Schemes Digital India High Yielding Varieties Economic Growth Development League Of Nations Ease Of Doing Business Mid Day Meal Scheme Wildlife Protection Act 1972 UPSC Notes International Union Conservation Nature

The Israel Palestine conflict dates back to the end of the nineteenth century. It is one of the world's most ongoing conflicts, with  Israel's occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The Israel and Palestine conflict is complicated. It's embedded in national, territorial, political, cultural, and religious aspects. The core problem is not just about the land; it is about having the liberty to self-determination

The history of the Israel Palestine conflict UPSC goes back more than 100 years. It started with the fall of the Ottoman Empire. The Israel Palestine conflict UPSCis a topic relevant to the UPSC CSE context under General Studies Paper II. It is a basic topic for aspirants to understand the dynamic aspect of the Israel Palestine conflict UPSC. The Israel Palestine conflict upsc is an important topic for UPSC Civil Services because it highlights the Influence of Israel-Palestine Conflict on India and International geopolitical scenario, which are frequently discussed in the exam. Join UPSC Coaching today to boost your preparation. 

Download the Daily Current Affairs for UPSC here!

Syllabus

General Studies Paper II

Topics for Prelims

Israel, Palestine, Middle-East, Arab World, Yom Kippur War, Zionism, Al-Aqsa, Gaza Strip, Jerusalem, Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO)

Topics for Mains

Influence of Israel-Palestine Conflict on India and International geopolitical scenario.

Israel Palestine Conflict - History

The Israel Palestine conflict originates from related historical assertions, nationalist aspirations, and religious importance in the Middle East, centered on identity and territory struggles. Beginning with the rise of Zionism in the late 19th century and mirrored by the rise of Arab nationalism, the dispute escalated in the 20th century, particularly after Israel's establishment in 1948. Both Israelis and Palestinians claim rights to identical lands, resulting in warfare, uprisings, and peace talks. This area is essential to the three major world religions, which adds to the intricacy of this constant political conflict between Israel and Palestine.

- www.khautorepair.com
📚 Exclusive Free UPSC Notes Created by Our Experts
Subjects PDF Link
Download Free Ancient History Notes PDF Created by UPSC Experts Download Link
Grab the Free Economy Notes PDF used by UPSC Aspirants Download Link
Get your hands on the most trusted Free UPSC Environmental Notes PDF Download Link
Exclusive Free Indian Geography PDF crafted by top mentors Download Link
UPSC Toppers’ trusted notes, Now FREE for you. Download the Polity Notes PDF today! Download Link
Thousands of UPSC aspirants are already using our FREE UPSC notes. Get World Geography Notes PDF Here Download Link

Get Free Materials for UPSC Preparation by Testbook!

FREEMentorship Program by
Ravi Kapoor, Ex-IRS
UPSC Exam-Hacker, Author, Super Mentor, MA
100+ Success Stories
Key Highlights
Achieve your Goal with our mentorship program, offering regular guidance and effective exam strategies.
Cultivate a focused mindset for exam success through our mentorship program.
2 Lakh+ Students Mentored Get
Get Free Mentorship Now
UPSC Beginners Program

Get UPSC Beginners Program SuperCoaching @ just

₹50000

Claim for free
Want to know more about this pass ?
Explore SuperCoaching

Israel Palestine Conflict - A 100 Year Old Issue

The Israel Palestine conflict is a century-old struggle over land, identity, and sovereignty. It began after the fall of the Ottoman Empire and continues today with ongoing wars, displacement, and political unrest. This long-standing issue shapes Middle Eastern geopolitics and global diplomacy.

  • After World War One, Britain took control of Palestine from the defeated Ottoman Empire, which increased the Israel Palestine conflict tensions in the region.
  • A Jewish minority and an Arab majority occupied the land.
  • Pressures between the two peoples evolved when the global community gave Britain the duty of establishing a "national home" in Palestine for Jewish individuals.
  • For Jewish people, it was their ancestral home, but Palestinian Arabs also asserted the land and disagreed with the move.
  • Between the 1920s and 1940s, the number of Jews reaching there expanded, with many fleeing from persecution in Europe and searching for a homeland after the Holocaust of World War Two.
  • Tensions between Jews and Arabs grew, and opposition to British rule also intensified.
  • In 1947, the UN proposed dividing Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem designated as an international city.
  • Palestine is a geographic province in Western Asia usually thought to include Israel, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and, in some descriptions, parts of western Jordan.
  • In 1948, Israel announced itself as an independent state. Arab countries attacked Israel, supporting Palestinians. The war led to thousands of casualties and refugees. This observed the start of the conflict between Israel and Palestine.

Read The Article Baloch Insurgency Here!

The creation of Israel and the ‘Catastrophe’

The creation of Israel in 1948 was shown to be a celebration of Jews but was seen as the 'Nakba' or catastrophe by Palestinians. It marked the beginning of mass removal and the Israel Palestine conflict.

  • In 1948, incapable of solving the problem, British rulers left, and Jewish heads announced the creation of the state of Israel.
  • Many Palestinians opposed it, and a war followed. Armies from neighboring Arab nations intruded.
  • Jerusalem was separated between Israeli forces in the West and Jordanian forces in the East.
  • Since no peace agreement was ever reached, and both sides blamed each other, wars and fighting continued for decades.

Israel Palestine Conflict - The Map Today

Israel claims all of Jerusalem as its capital, while Palestinians consider East Jerusalem the capital of their future state. The United States is one of the few countries that acknowledge Jerusalem as Israel's capital. In the last 50 years, Israel has constructed many settlements in the occupied areas, where more than 600,000 Jews now live. Palestinians consider these settlements as unlawful under international law and as essential barriers to peace. However, Israel strongly denies these claims and continues its settlement policy.

Region

Aspects

Gaza Strip
  • Background: The Gaza Strip is a Palestinian coastal region along the Mediterranean Sea, bordered by Israel and Egypt's Sinai Peninsula. Along with the West Bank, it forms the State of Palestine, with Israel lying between the two regions.
  • Administration: Hamas, a politico-military entity, has administered the Gaza Strip since its electoral victory in 2006.
  • Authority: Israel controls Gaza's airspace and coastline and also imposes restrictions on goods entering the region. Egypt, meanwhile, manages its border with Gaza.

West Bank
  • Background: This part is landlocked and is bounded by Israel and Jordan, with the Dead Sea marking part of its boundary.
  • Governance: A section of Jerusalem is within the West Bank. Fatah, formerly recognized as the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, controls the area.

Jerusalem
  • Background: Located on a plateau in the Judean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. It's approximately in the center of Israel and is connected by several Palestinian territories.
  • Governance: Jerusalem is separated into several districts: Jewish-majority West Jerusalem and the predominantly Palestinian East Jerusalem, which has the Old City.

Check the article Privilege Motion for the UPSC exam here.

Israel Palestine Conflict - Main Problems

The Israel Palestine conflict revolves around key issues like land ownership, refugee rights, Jerusalem’s status, and mutual security concerns. These unresolved problems fuel ongoing tensions and violence. There are several problems that Israel and the Palestinians cannot compromise on, and these include:

  • Future of Palestinian refugees
  • what if Jewish settlements in the occupied West Bank should stay or be removed forever
  • what will be the result if the two sides share Jerusalem
  • And perhaps the most complex issue is whether a separate Palestinian state should be established alongside Israel.
  • Peace talks have continued on and off for over 25 years, but they have failed to resolve the conflict so far.

Current Status Of Israel Palestine Conflict

Tensions remain high between Israel and Palestinians in East Jerusalem, Gaza, and the West Bank. Gaza is governed by Hamas, a Palestinian militant group that has engaged in multiple conflicts with Israel. To prevent weapons from reaching Hamas, both Israel and Egypt maintain strict control over Gaza's borders. Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank say they face hardships due to Israeli restrictions and military actions. On the other hand, Israel states that its actions are necessary for self-defense against Palestinian attacks.

World’s View of the Israel Palestine Issue

The world stays separated on the Israel Palestine conflict topic. Western countries often support Israel, while many Asian and Arab countries back Palestine. International calls for peace continue, but solutions remain doubtful.

  • While Non-Muslim nations acknowledge Israel’s legitimacy and maintain diplomatic connections with it, most are critical of Israel’s treatment of the Palestinians and continued occupation of the West Bank.
  • Most of the world thinks that Israel’s restarted control of the West Bank is an illegal military occupation.
  • The Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement, which merged in 2005, aims to capitalize on global anger with Israel.
  • The movement plans to create costs to Israel’s Palestinian policy through boycotts of Israeli goods and institutions, divestment from Israeli firms, and sanctions on the nation itself.

Check the article Judicial Review for the UPSC exam here.

Israel Palestine Conflict - Future of the Issue

The future of the Israel Palestine conflict depends on political will, global support for peace, and mutual dialogue. Without lasting solutions, tensions may continue to affect global and regional stability. These are the two broad ways the Israeli-Palestinian conflict might end

Two-State Solution

  • This aims to establish independent states of Israel and Palestine and is widely seen as the main solution to the conflict.
  • The idea is that Israelis and Palestinians seek to govern separately—Israelis want a Jewish state, while Palestinians want their independent nation.

One-State Solution

  • This would merge Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip into one big country.
  • It comes in two versions.
  • One idea, supported by some leftists and Palestinians, suggests forming a single democratic nation. In this setup, Arab Muslims would become the majority, which could end Israel’s identity as a Jewish state.
  • The other idea, supported by some right-wing Israelis, proposes that Israel annex the West Bank and either displace Palestinians or deny them voting rights within the state.

India's policy on Israel and Palestine issue

India's policy on the Israel Palestine conflict reflects a detailed balance. It supports Palestine's statehood while keeping strong relations with Israel. India promotes dialogue, peace, and a two-state solution.

  • India'sIndia's statement at the UNSC seeks harmony between its old relations with Palestine and expanding relations with Israel.
  • India's stance on the world's longest-running conflict shifted from strongly pro-Palestine in the early decades to carefully balancing ties with both sides. In recent years, India's position has often been seen as leaning towards Israel.
  • In 1948, India was the only non-Arab country among 13 nations that voted against the UN partition plan for Palestine, which eventually led to the creation of Israel.
  • Scholars link India's stand to several reasons: its own Partition on religious lines, support for displaced Palestinians, and the aim to counter Pakistan's efforts to isolate India over the Kashmir issue.
  • India began balancing its position by normalizing ties with Israel in 1992. This move came after the Soviet Union's collapse and major geopolitical shifts in West Asia following the 1990 Gulf War.
  • The opening of the Indian embassy in Tel Aviv in January 1992 ended four decades of limited engagement, marking a new chapter in India-Israel relations.
  • From 1992 onward, for over 25 years, India-Israel relations grew steadily, mainly through defence, science, technology, and agriculture. However, India did not openly acknowledge the full extent of this partnership during that time.
  • From 2018 onwards, India " "de-hyphenated" the Israel-Palestine relationship and would deal with each separately.
  • At the same time, India has strengthened its relations with Arab nations, especially Saudi Arabia and the UAE. India also sees support in the recent decisions of some Arab states to establish better ties with Israel.

Read the article on the International boundary of India!

Key Takeaways on Israel Palestine conflict UPSC Aspirants!

  • Historical Support for Palestine: India has traditionally supported Palestine since its independence, advocating for Palestinian statehood and opposing the Israeli occupation.
  • Diplomatic Relations with Israel: India established full diplomatic ties with Israel in 1992, balancing support for Palestine with strategic ties to Israel.
  • Shift in Tone under Government: Since 2014, PM Modi’s government has deepened ties with Israel, including defense, agriculture and technology cooperation, while toning down overt support for Palestine.
  • Support for Two-State Solution: India officially maintains support for a peaceful two-state solution, coexisting securely for both Israel and Palestine.

Download Israel Palestine conflict Key Takeaways PDF 

After reading this article, we hope all your doubts about the "Israel Palestine conflict UPSC" have been addressed. The textbook provides comprehensive notes on civil services and various other competitive examinations. It has always ensured the quality of its products, such as content pages, live tests, GK and current affairs, mocks, and so on. Ace your UPSC preparation with the Testbook. Download the Testbook App now!

More Articles for IAS Preparation

Israel Palestine Conflict UPSC FAQs

The two-state solution is a proposed approach to resolving the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, by creating two states on the territory of the former Mandatory Palestine.

Israel is fighting with Palestine.

The conflict has its origins in the rise of Zionism in the late 19th century in Europe, a movement which aimed to establish a Jewish state through the colonization of Palestine, synchronously with the first arrival of Jewish settlers to Ottoman Palestine in 1882.

The Islamist militant group, which governs the Gaza Strip, was founded in late 1987 amidst the first Palestinian 'Intifada'.

During the late 1980s, the First 'Intifada' marked a time of uprisings and protests against Israeli control in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
Report An Error
Exams Tests Super Practice