Who among the following has the power to dissolve the legislative assembly of a state?

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SSC GD Constable 2025 Official Paper (Held On: 04 Feb, 2025 Shift 2)
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  1. Chief Justice of High Court
  2.  Chief Secretary of the State
  3. Governor of the State
  4. Chief Minister of the State

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Governor of the State
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The correct answer is Governor of the State.

Key Points

  • The Governor of a state in India has the constitutional power to dissolve the legislative assembly of the state.
  • This action can be taken based on the advice of the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers.
  • Such a dissolution usually happens when the Chief Minister loses the majority support in the assembly.
  • The Governor exercises this power under Article 174(2)(b) of the Indian Constitution.
  • The dissolution is aimed at paving the way for fresh elections and is a significant step in the democratic process.

Additional Information

  • Article 174 of the Indian Constitution:
    • Article 174 empowers the Governor to summon and prorogue the state legislature and to dissolve the legislative assembly.
    • The Governor acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister.
  • Role of the Governor:
    • The Governor acts as the nominal head of the state with the real powers being vested in the Chief Minister and the Council of Ministers.
    • The Governor's role includes appointing the Chief Minister, dissolving the legislative assembly, and giving assent to bills passed by the state legislature.
  • Legislative Assembly Dissolution:
    • Dissolution of the legislative assembly can be either automatic at the end of its five-year term or earlier upon the recommendation of the Chief Minister.
    • The dissolution leads to the requirement of new elections to form a new assembly.
  • Emergency Situations:
    • In case of constitutional breakdown, the President of India can dissolve the state legislative assembly and impose President's Rule under Article 356.
    • This is done on the recommendation of the Governor when the state government is unable to function as per the Constitution.
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