Which of the following is the SI unit used for measuring thermodynamic temperature?

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  1. Rankine
  2. Celsius
  3. Fahrenheit 
  4. Kelvin

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Kelvin
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The correct answer is Kelvin.

Key Points

  • Kelvin (K) is the SI unit for measuring thermodynamic temperature.
  • It is one of the seven base units in the International System of Units (SI).
  • Kelvin is named after the British scientist Lord Kelvin (William Thomson).
  • The Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero, which is the point where particles have minimum thermal motion.
  • One Kelvin is equivalent to one degree Celsius in terms of temperature interval, but the Kelvin scale starts from absolute zero.

Additional Information

  • Absolute Zero
    • It is the lowest possible temperature where nothing could be colder and no heat energy remains in a substance.
    • Absolute zero is 0 Kelvin, equivalent to -273.15 degrees Celsius.
  • Thermodynamic Temperature
    • It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
    • Thermodynamic temperature is important in the laws of thermodynamics, particularly in defining absolute zero.
  • Comparison with Other Temperature Scales
    • Celsius: Water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C.
    • Fahrenheit: Water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F.
    • Rankine: A scale similar to Kelvin but uses the Fahrenheit degree interval; absolute zero is 0°R.
  • Applications of Kelvin Scale
    • Used in scientific research where precise temperature measurements are crucial.
    • Commonly used in physics and chemistry to describe the behavior of gases, plasma, and other states of matter at extreme temperatures.
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