Which state of matter shows the highest expansion when temperature is increased?

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RRB JE ECE 22 Apr 2025 Shift 1 CBT 2 Official Paper
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  1. Solids
  2. Gases
  3. Liquids
  4. Plasma

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Gases
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The correct answer is Gases.

Key Points

  • Gases show the highest expansion when temperature is increased.
  • This is because the molecules in a gas are much farther apart compared to solids and liquids.
  • When the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of gas molecules also increases significantly.
  • The increased kinetic energy causes gas molecules to move more rapidly and spread out, leading to higher expansion.
  • This phenomenon is described by the Ideal Gas Law, which states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature.
  • Gases are highly compressible and can occupy the entire volume of their containers, which also contributes to their high rate of expansion.

 Additional Information

  • Solids
    • Solids have a definite shape and volume.
    • The molecules in solids are tightly packed, resulting in very limited movement.
    • Due to the strong intermolecular forces, solids exhibit the least expansion when the temperature is increased.
  • Liquids
    • Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape.
    • The molecules in liquids are less tightly packed than in solids, allowing them to move more freely.
    • Liquids expand more than solids but less than gases when the temperature is increased.
  • Plasma
    • Plasma is a state of matter similar to gas but consists of free electrons and ions.
    • It is formed at very high temperatures when gases are ionized.
    • Plasma is found in stars, including the sun, and in man-made devices like neon signs and plasma TVs.
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