Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the particles of matter? 

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• Particles of matter have spaces between them. This is evident when substances dissolve in one another, like salt in water, where the salt particles fill the spaces between the water particles.
• The kinetic theory of matter states that particles are in constant motion. This is observable in diffusion, where particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
• Particles of matter are very small. They are so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye and require powerful microscopes to be observed.
• Particles of matter attract each other. This intermolecular attraction holds the particles together, contributing to the cohesion of substances.

Additional Information

• Intermolecular Forces:
  • These are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions).
  • Examples include hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and dipole-dipole interactions.
• Diffusion:
  • This process involves the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
  • Diffusion is a key evidence of particle movement, showcasing that particles are in constant motion.
• States of Matter:
  • Matter exists in different states such as solids, liquids, and gases, each with distinct particle arrangements and movement.
  • In solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions, while in gases, particles are far apart and move freely.
• Kinetic Theory of Matter:
  • This theory explains that all matter is made of particles that are in constant motion.
  • The energy of these particles increases with temperature, influencing their speed and the state of matter.