Question
Download Solution PDFWhich international treaty was adopted in 1992 to combat global warming and prepare for its effects?
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFThe correct answer is United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Key Points
- The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted in 1992 at the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- The primary objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to prevent dangerous human interference with the climate system.
- It serves as the foundation for global efforts to combat climate change and has been ratified by 197 parties, including nearly all countries worldwide.
- The UNFCCC led to the establishment of the annual Conference of the Parties (COP), where nations meet to negotiate and review progress in addressing climate change.
Additional Information
- Kyoto Protocol:
- A landmark international treaty adopted under the UNFCCC in 1997 and came into force in 2005.
- It legally binds developed countries to emission reduction targets.
- It introduced market-based mechanisms like emissions trading, clean development mechanism (CDM), and joint implementation (JI).
- Paris Agreement:
- An agreement within the UNFCCC adopted in 2015 and came into force in 2016.
- It aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.
- Countries submit nationally determined contributions (NDCs) outlining their climate actions.
- Green Climate Fund (GCF):
- Established under the UNFCCC in 2010 to assist developing countries in adaptation and mitigation practices to counter climate change.
- Aims to mobilize $100 billion per year by 2020 from various sources.
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC):
- Provides scientific assessments on climate change to inform policy decisions.
- Established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
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