The phenomenon of change of liquid into vapours at any temperature below its boiling point is known as ______.

The correct answer is evaporation.

Key Points

• Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor at temperatures below its boiling point.
• This process occurs at the surface of the liquid where molecules with sufficient energy escape into the air.
• Evaporation is a critical component of the water cycle, contributing to the formation of clouds and precipitation.
• Factors affecting evaporation include temperature, surface area, air movement, and humidity.

Additional Information

• Sublimation
  • Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through the liquid phase.
  • Common examples include dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) and mothballs (naphthalene).
• Deposition
  • Deposition is the direct solidification of a vapor by cooling; the reverse of sublimation.
  • An example is the formation of frost on cold surfaces from water vapor in the air.
• Fusion
  • Fusion is the process of a substance changing from a solid to a liquid state, also known as melting.
  • It occurs when a substance absorbs heat and reaches its melting point.
• Boiling
  • Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when it is heated to its boiling point.
  • At this temperature, the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding environment.