According to Article 51 A (a) of the Constitution of India, it shall be the duty of every Indian citizen to abide by the _______ and respect its ideals and institutions.

The correct answer is Option 1. 

Key Points

•  Article 51A (a) of the Constitution of India states that it is the fundamental duty of every citizen of India to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the national flag, and the national anthem.
• This duty is considered an important aspect of citizenship in India and reflects the commitment of citizens towards the values and principles enshrined in the Constitution.
• It is the responsibility of every citizen to uphold the democratic principles, protect the sovereignty of the country, and promote national unity and integrity.​

Additional Information 

• Secularism in a constitution refers to the principle that the state and its institutions are separate from religion, and that the state does not favor or promote any particular religion or religious beliefs.
  • This means that the state is neutral in matters of religion, and individuals are free to practice their own religion without interference or discrimination from the state.
    • Many countries around the world have included secularism in their constitutions.
    • For example, the Indian Constitution, which was adopted in 1950, enshrines secularism as a fundamental principle. Article 25 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate religion subject to public order, morality and health.
• ​Socialism is an economic and political ideology that emphasizes collective or state ownership and control of the means of production, distribution, and exchange, as well as the goal of achieving greater economic equality and social justice.
• Democracy is a system of government where the power is held by the people, either directly or through elected representatives. It is derived from the Greek words "demos," meaning "people," and "kratos," meaning "rule."
  • In a democratic society, citizens have the right to participate in the political process, such as voting in elections, expressing their opinions, and holding their elected officials accountable.
  • Democracy values the principles of freedom, equality, and justice. It promotes individual rights and freedoms, and allows for the peaceful resolution of conflicts through open and fair dialogue.
  • While democracy is often associated with Western countries, there are various forms of democratic systems in different regions of the world, such as parliamentary, presidential, and constitutional democracies.