With respect to AC fundamentals of an electrical signal, the ratio of the area under the curve to the base is called ______.

Average Value: The average value of any waveform is the ratio of the area under the curve to the time or length of the base (X-axis).

\(A_v=\frac{Area}{t}\)

Example: Consider a waveform

Method 1: Calculating by using Conventional Method:

Here, total area under one cycle = Area 1 + Area 2

Total Time = 0.6 sec

Area 1 = (15 × 0.2) = 3 Vsec

Area 2 = (-3 × 0.4) = -1.2 Vsec

Total Area = (3 - 1.2) = 1.8 Vsec

Hence, Average value = \(\frac{Area}{t}=\frac{1.8}{0.6}=3\ V\)

Method 2: Calculating by using Method of integration:

Area = \(\int_0^{0.2}15dt+\int_{0.2}^{0.6}-3dt\) = 1.8 Vsec

Hence, Average value = ​\(\frac{Area}{t}=\frac{1.8}{0.6}=3\ V\)