Who was the President of India during 1975 National emergency?

The correct answer is  Option 4 i.e. Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed

Key Points

• In 1975, the then PM Indira Gandhi imposed Emergency on the basis of "Internal disturbance".
• On the advice of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed proclaimed a state of national emergency on 25 June 1975.​
• After that in 1978, the Parliament amended article 352 of the constitution and replaced the term "Internal disturbance" with "Armed rebellion".
• The first emergency was declared in India during the 1962 India-China war.

Important Points

• The emergency provisions were taken from the Government of India act 1935.
• Emergency provisions are defined in Part XVIII of the constitution.
• After the proclamation of a national emergency, all Fundamental rights get suspended, except Art 20 and 21.
• The feature of suspension of Fundamental rights during the national emergency was taken from the constitution of Germany.
• A national emergency can be imposed on these following grounds:

1. External aggression
2. Armed rebellion
3. War

• A national emergency has been imposed so far in the years: 

1. 1962 (India-China war)
2. 1971 (During Bangladesh war)
3. 1975 (Grounds of internal disturbance)

• There are three types of emergencies in India:

1. National emergency (Art 352)
2. State emergency/ Presidential rule (Art 356)
3. Financial emergency ( Art 360)