Which of the following were common methods of agitation used in the New Farmers’ Movements?
1. Blocking roads and railways
2. Refusing to pay land revenue
3. Violent attacks on urban businesses
4. Non-repayment of loans

The correct answer is - 1 and 4 only

Key Points

• Common Agitation Methods of New Farmers’ Movements
  • Blocking roads and railways – Farmers disrupted transport routes to demand better prices and policies.
  • Non-repayment of loans – Farmers refused to pay debts as a protest against exploitative interest rates and poor agricultural policies.

Additional Information

• New Farmers’ Movements (1970s-1980s)
  • Originated in Punjab and Tamil Nadu, later spread to other regions.
  • Were non-party movements but had strong influence on policies.
  • Focused on price procurement, taxation, and input costs rather than land reforms.
• Key Characteristics
  • Anti-state and anti-urban stance due to government policies favoring urban consumers over rural producers.
  • Unlike earlier peasant movements, they were led by market-involved farmers rather than landless peasants.
  • Used innovative protest methods like mass demonstrations and transport blockades to gain media attention.