Which of the following factors would most likely decrease surface runoff?

Explanation:

Surface runoff is the water from rainfall, melting snow, or irrigation that flows over the land surface when it cannot soak into the ground. It typically moves toward streams, rivers, lakes, or drainage systems.

Factors affecting surface runoff:

1. Rainfall Intensity and Duration
   Heavy or prolonged rain can exceed soil absorption capacity, leading to increased runoff.

2. Soil Type and Permeability
   Sandy soils allow more infiltration; clayey or compacted soils cause more runoff.

3. Vegetation Cover
   Plants slow rainfall, improve infiltration, and reduce runoff; bare land does the opposite.

4. Land Slope
   Steeper slopes accelerate water flow, reducing infiltration time and increasing runoff.

5. Land Use and Surface Conditions
   Impervious surfaces like roads prevent absorption and increase runoff significantly. 

 Additional InformationKey concepts of surface runoff 

1. Water Accumulation

   Water that doesn't infiltrate the ground accumulates on the surface and flows away as runoff.

2. Runoff Volume

   The amount of surface runoff is influenced by rainfall amount, intensity, and duration.

3. Hydrological Cycle Impact

   Runoff is a key component of the hydrological cycle, transferring water from land to bodies of water.

4. Impact of Impervious Surfaces

   Urbanization and construction increase runoff due to the presence of non-absorptive surfaces like roads and buildings.

5. Natural Barriers

   Features like wetlands, forests, and vegetation help reduce runoff by promoting water infiltration and slowing flow.