सम्मिश्र संख्या \(\sqrt { - 1} \) का तर्क क्या है?

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  1. 0
  2. π
  3. \(\frac{{\pi}}{{2}}\)
  4. -π 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : \(\frac{{\pi}}{{2}}\)

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संकल्पना:

z का तर्क धनात्मक वास्तविक अक्ष और केंद्र से बिंदु को जोड़ने वाली रेखा के बीच का कोण है। 

यदि एक सम्मिश्र संख्या को z = x +iy द्वारा ज्ञात किया गया है, तो z = arg(z) का तर्क \({\tan ^{ - 1}}\left( {\frac{y}{x}} \right)\) है। 

गणना:

दिया गया है, सम्मिश्र संख्या \(\sqrt { - 1} \)

\(z = \sqrt { - 1} = i\) = x + iy

तुलना करने पर,

⇒ x = 0 और y = 1

⇒ z पहले चतुर्थांश में है। 

इसलिए, arg(z) = \( tan^{-1}( \frac{y}{x})\)

⇒arg(z) = \( tan^{-1} (\frac{1}{0})\;=\;\frac{{\pi}}{{2}}\)

⇒ arg(z) = \( \frac{\pi}{2}\) 

अतः सम्मिश्र संख्या  \(z = \sqrt { - 1} = i\) का तर्क \(\frac{\pi}{2}\) है। 

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