For effective treatment of the disease, early diagnosis and understanding of its pathophysiology is very important. Which of the following molecular diagnostic techniques is very useful for early detection?

In this technique, a single strand of DNA or RNA is attached to a radioactive label and is allowed to hybridize with the complementary DNA in the sample cell. The hybridization is detected by autoradiography.

If the mutated gene is present in the clone, hybridization does not occur and it will not be detected by the photographic plate.

It is used to identify and separate proteins.

In this technique, the proteins are separated based on their molecular weight.

It is mostly used to detect HIV proteins and confirm a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test.

The combined accuracy is about 99.9%. 

It is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size through electrophoresis and is identified by using labeled probes for hybridization. 

DNA fingerprinting is an example of southern blotting.

It is used to diagnose diseases caused by infectious agents and also caused due to gene defects.

ELISA or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is based on antigen-antibody interaction.

Infection against a pathogen can be detected by the presence of antigen or antibodies synthesized by the host against the pathogen.

It is mostly used for the detection of HIV-AIDS infection.

The results can be obtained in up to 24 hours depending on the type of test and the sample.

It is faster, quicker, and simpler and can be used for the early detection of disease compared to other techniques like western blotting.