In the realm of computer science, the terms process and thread play crucial roles. A process can be defined as a program in action, while a thread is the smallest unit of instruction that a scheduler can manage independently. Let's delve into the contrasting aspects of a process and a thread.
Difference Between Process and Thread in Computer Science
Last Updated on Jul 31, 2023
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Defining Process
A process is essentially what we call a program when it's in execution. It enables the execution of all pertinent tasks within a program. The operating system plays a significant role in the creation, planning, scheduling, and termination of processes, which are utilized by the CPU.
Understanding Thread
A thread, in computer science parlance, is the smallest unit of instruction capable of independent management by a scheduler.
Process vs Thread: The Differences
| S.No | Process | Thread |
| 1. | A process is referred to as a program in execution. | A thread is a segment of a process. |
| 2. | It requires more time to terminate. | It can be stopped in less time. |
| 3. | It demands more time for work and conception. | It requires less time for work and conception. |
| 4. | Context switching is more time-consuming in this case. | Context switching is less time-consuming here. |
| 5. | Its effectiveness in terms of communication is limited. | It excels in terms of communication. |
| 6. | It consumes more resources. | It uses fewer resources. |
| 7. | It is a heavyweight process. | It is a lightweight process. |
| 8. | If one process is blocked, it will not affect the operation of another process. | If one thread is blocked, it will hamper the execution of another process. |
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is a process in computer science?
When a program is under execution, then it is known as a process. A process allows you to execute all the relevant tasks in a program with the help of the operating system.
What is a thread in computer science?
A thread is the smallest segment of instructions that can be handled independently by a scheduler.
What are the key differences between a process and a thread?
The key differences include the time they take to stop, the resources they consume, their effectiveness in communication, and their impact on the execution of other processes or threads.
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