Chloroform is slowly oxidised by air in the presence of light to form an extremely poisonous gas known as ______

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  1. Freon
  2. Carbon tetrachloride
  3. Methylene chloride
  4. Phosgene

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Phosgene
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Phosgene.

Key Points

  • Chloroform, when exposed to air and light, is oxidized to form phosgene, a highly toxic gas.
  • Phosgene is a colorless gas with a suffocating odor, resembling that of musty hay or green corn.
  • It was used as a chemical weapon during World War I due to its lethal properties.
  • Phosgene exposure can lead to severe respiratory damage and is potentially fatal even at low concentrations.

Additional Information

  • Chloroform (CHCl3)
    • A volatile, colorless liquid with a slightly sweet taste and odor.
    • Historically used as an anesthetic but discontinued due to its harmful effects on the liver and potential to cause cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Oxidation Reaction
    • A chemical reaction where a substance loses electrons, often associated with the addition of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen.
    • In the case of chloroform, oxidation in the presence of light leads to the formation of phosgene.
  • Chemical Weapons
    • Substances designed to cause death or harm through toxic properties.
    • Phosgene, being one of the first chemical warfare agents, caused significant casualties during World War I.
  • Safety Precautions
    • Proper storage in dark, well-ventilated areas to minimize exposure to air and light.
    • Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to avoid inhalation or skin contact.
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