Memory Level of Teaching MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Memory Level of Teaching - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is - Interference

Key Points

• Interference
  • Interference occurs when other information in memory competes with or disrupts the memory one is trying to retrieve.
  • There are two main types of interference:
    • Proactive interference: Older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer memories.
    • Retroactive interference: Newer memories interfere with the retrieval of older memories.
  • Understanding interference is crucial for effectively managing study habits and improving memory retention.

Additional Information

• Decay
  • Memory decay refers to the gradual fading of memory over time due to lack of use or reinforcement.
• Retroactive interference
  • This type of interference occurs when new learning disrupts the recall of previously learned information.
  • Example: Learning a new phone number can make it difficult to remember an old phone number.
• Proactive interference
  • This type of interference happens when older memories interfere with the acquisition of new information.
  • Example: Difficulty in learning a new language because of the interference of a language already known.

The correct answer is - It is a student's general knowledge about the world.

Key Points

• Semantic Memory
  • Refers to a portion of long-term memory that processes ideas and concepts that are not drawn from personal experience.
  • Includes common knowledge, such as the names of colors, the sounds of letters, the capitals of countries, and other basic facts acquired over a lifetime.
  • Enables individuals to understand and use language, recognize objects, and recall general information about the world.
  • Is distinct from episodic memory, which involves the recollection of personal experiences and specific events in time.

Additional Information

• Episodic Memory
  • Involves the recollection of specific events, situations, and experiences.
  • Examples include remembering a birthday party, a vacation, or the details of a specific conversation.
  • Is autobiographical and closely tied to the individual's personal experiences.
• Procedural Memory
  • Type of long-term memory responsible for knowing how to do things, also known as motor skills.
  • Examples include riding a bike, tying shoelaces, and playing a musical instrument.
  • Is implicit and does not require conscious thought to perform the learned tasks.
• Working Memory
  • Short-term memory system that holds and manipulates information temporarily.
  • Is crucial for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior.
  • Examples include solving a math problem in your head, following a conversation, and comprehending what you read.

The correct answer is 'Short-term memory'

Key Points

• Short-term memory:
  • Short-term memory, also known as working memory, is the part of the memory system where information is temporarily held and processed for a short duration, typically around 20-30 seconds.
  • It is crucial for tasks that require immediate attention and mental manipulation, such as remembering a phone number long enough to dial it.
  • Reena's action of repeating the phone number over and over while dialing is an example of using short-term memory to retain information temporarily.

Additional Information

• Automatic Processing:
  • Automatic processing involves the unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings.
  • This process does not require active effort or attention, unlike Reena's conscious effort to remember the phone number.
• Echoic Memory:
  • Echoic memory is a type of sensory memory that holds auditory information for a brief period, typically 3-4 seconds.
  • It allows us to retain a sound or word long enough to understand and process it, but it is not used for actively remembering a phone number.
• Iconic Memory:
  • Iconic memory is a type of sensory memory that holds visual information for a brief period, usually less than a second.
  • This form of memory allows us to retain a visual image long enough to process it, but it is not relevant to Reena's task of remembering and dialing a phone number.

The correct answer is 'A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II'

Key Points

• Declarative Memory:
  • Declarative memory is the conscious collection of information such as specific facts and events that can be described verbally.
  • It includes both episodic and semantic memory.
• Procedural Memory:
  • Procedural memory refers to knowledge as skills and cognitive operations.
  • This type of memory is responsible for knowing how to do things, like riding a bike or playing a musical instrument.
• Episodic Memory:
  • Episodic memory involves the recall of information about the where and when of life events.
  • It allows individuals to remember personal experiences and specific events in time.
• Semantic Memory:
  • Semantic memory is a student's general knowledge about the world.
  • It encompasses facts, concepts, and meanings that are not tied to personal experiences.

Additional Information

• Declarative vs. Procedural Memory:
  • Declarative memory involves facts and events that can be consciously recalled, whereas procedural memory is about skills and tasks that are performed automatically without conscious thought.
• Episodic vs. Semantic Memory:
  • Episodic memory is autobiographical and specific to personal experiences, while semantic memory is about general knowledge and facts.
• Incorrect Options:
  • Option 1 (A - IV, B - III, C - II, D - I) incorrectly matches procedural memory with declarative memory's definition and episodic memory with semantic memory's definition.
  • Option 3 (A - II, B - III, C - IV, D - I) incorrectly matches declarative memory with semantic memory's definition and procedural memory with declarative memory's definition.
  • Option 4 (A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV) incorrectly matches declarative memory with episodic memory's definition and procedural memory with semantic memory's definition.

The correct answer is 'Semantic Memory'

Key Points

• Semantic Memory:
  • Semantic memory is a type of long-term memory involving the capacity to recall words, concepts, or numbers, which is essential for the use and understanding of language.
  • It includes general knowledge and facts about the world, such as the name of the author of 'The Diary of a Young Girl'.
  • This type of memory is not tied to personal experiences but rather facts and information that one has learned over time.

Additional Information

• Procedural Memory:
  • Procedural memory involves the unconscious memory of skills and how to perform tasks, such as riding a bike or typing on a keyboard.
  • It is different from semantic memory, as it involves knowing "how" rather than knowing "what".
• Phenomenological Memory:
  • This term is not commonly used in memory studies. It might refer to personal experiences and the subjective experience of remembering.
  • It is more closely related to episodic memory rather than semantic memory.
• Creative Memory:
  • Creative memory is not a recognized type of memory in cognitive psychology.
  • It may refer to the ability to recall and use past experiences creatively, but it is not a standard term in memory classification.

• Learner’s psychology is the main proponent of teaching
• The ultimate goal of teaching is the all-round personality development of the learner
• To follow the stages of development of a learner a teacher tries to achieve the desired educational objective
• To keep all the things stated above, a teacher teaches students at three levels, memory level, understanding level, and reflective level.
• According to Morris L. Bigge, "Teaching-learning situations may be classified on a continuum which ranges from thoughtful to thoughtless operations." 

Key Points

Statement I: The objective of the memory level of teaching is to develop rational and critical thinking among students.

Explanation: The memory level of teaching focuses on rote learning, memorization, and recall of information rather than developing critical thinking skills.

• It is a lower level of learning that emphasizes on acquiring knowledge rather than applying it or analyzing it.

Thus statement I is false. 

Statement II: The objective of the reflective level of teaching is the ability to develop independent thinking and decision making among students.

Explanation:  The reflective level of teaching focuses on encouraging students to think deeply about the subject matter, analyze it, and make connections between different ideas.

• It promotes independent thinking, problem-solving skills, and decision-making abilities, which are essential for success in both academic and professional life.
• At this level, students are expected to use critical thinking skills to evaluate information, synthesize ideas, and develop their own viewpoints.

Thus Statement II is true.

A child firstly learns to differentiate between various things i.e., men, women, animals, birds and later on s/he unifies these differentiated concepts to form a single concept called as Generalisation.

Key PointsGeneralisation:

• Generalization refers to the ability to apply knowledge, skills, or concepts learned in one context to another context or situation.
• It is the process of extracting common patterns or principles from specific examples and applying them to new or unfamiliar situations.
• Generalization allows individuals to transfer their learning and experiences from one domain to another, making it a crucial cognitive and learning ability.

In various fields, generalization plays a significant role:

Education:

• Generalization is important in education as it helps students apply concepts learned in one subject or area to another.
• For example, a student who has learned problem-solving skills in mathematics can apply those skills to solve problems in other subjects or real-life situations.

Additional InformationRestructuration :

• Restructuring is a term used to describe the process of making significant changes to the organization, operations, or financial structure of a company or institution.
• It typically involves reorganizing, resizing, or reconfiguring various aspects of a business in order to improve its overall performance, profitability, and competitiveness.

Differentiation:

• Differentiation is a business strategy that involves creating unique and distinct offerings in the market to stand out from competitors and attract customers.
• It is the process of positioning a product, service, or brand as distinctive and superior in the minds of consumers, in order to gain a competitive advantage.

Memorisation:

• Memorization is the process of learning and retaining information in memory so that it can be recalled later when needed.
• It involves encoding information into memory, storing it, and then retrieving it when required.
• Memorization is a fundamental cognitive process that is essential for learning, problem-solving, and everyday functioning.

The lesson plan is the title given to a statement of all achievements to be realized and the specific means by which these are to be attained as a result of the activities engaged day to day under the guidance of the teacher.'

Herbartian approach is based on the apperceptive mass theory of learning. The student is considered to be a clean slate and all the knowledge is to be given from outside. If new knowledge is based on old knowledge of the student (his previous knowledge or experiences), it may be acquired easily and retained for a longer period. 

The five stepped systems of lesson planning were started by J F Herbart. This is also known as Herbartian five steps, these steps are used for the students for receiving new knowledge in educational fields. This is the classic format of lesson planning. According to the Herbartian School of Pedagogy, the five formal steps are as follows:

• Preparation
• Presentation
• Comparison
• Generalization
• Application 

NOTE: 

Hilda Taba advocated an inductive approach to curriculum development.

Hence, we can conclude that The classic format of the lesson plan is as per Herbertian steps.

Memory can be defined as a process of recalling and retaining information over a period of time for different levels of cognitive tasks.

Memory can be summed up in three stages, i.e., 

1. Encoding
2. Storage
3. Retrieval

Key Points

Hence the correct match is (A) ‐ (III), (B) ‐ (I), (C) ‐ (II), (D) ‐ (IV)

The graph that shows the forgetting of learners is plotted using the variables Amount retained Vs Time

Important Points

• Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve describes the decreased inability of the brain to retain memory over time.
• The issue was hypothesized by Hermann Ebbinghaus in 1885, which is why it’s called the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve.
• The theory is that humans start losing the memory of learned knowledge over time, in a matter of days or weeks, unless the learned knowledge is consciously reviewed time and again.
• A related concept to the forgetting curve is the strength of memory, which states that the time period up to which a person can recall any memory is based on the strength of the particular memory. 

Key Points 

• Ebbinghaus found the forgetting curve to be exponential in nature.
• Memory retention is 100% at the time of learning any particular piece of information.
• However, it drops rapidly to 40% within the first few days.
• After which, the declination of memory retention slows down again.
• In simple words, the forgetting curve is exponential because memory loss is rapid and huge within the first few days of learning.
• But, the rate of memory loss decreases, and the rate of much forgetting are much slower from then on.

There are various factors that can affect the rate of forgetting. Some of which are

• Meaningfulness of the information
• The way it is represented
• Physiological actors (stress, sleep, etc)

The rate of forgetting isn’t the same for everyone. Herman Ebbinghaus pointed out that differences in memory performance between two different individuals can be explained by mnemonic representation skills.

• Learner’s psychology is the main proponent of teaching
• The ultimate goal of teaching is the all-round personality development of the learner
• To follow the stages of development of a learner a teacher tries to achieve the desired educational objective
• To keep all the things stated above, a teacher teaches students at three levels, memory level, understanding level, and reflective level.
• According to Morris L. Bigge, "Teaching-learning situations may be classified on a continuum which ranges from thoughtful to thoughtless operations." 

Key Points

Statement I: The objective of the memory level of teaching is to develop rational and critical thinking among students.

Explanation: The memory level of teaching focuses on rote learning, memorization, and recall of information rather than developing critical thinking skills.

• It is a lower level of learning that emphasizes on acquiring knowledge rather than applying it or analyzing it.

Thus statement I is false. 

Statement II: The objective of the reflective level of teaching is the ability to develop independent thinking and decision making among students.

Explanation:  The reflective level of teaching focuses on encouraging students to think deeply about the subject matter, analyze it, and make connections between different ideas.

• It promotes independent thinking, problem-solving skills, and decision-making abilities, which are essential for success in both academic and professional life.
• At this level, students are expected to use critical thinking skills to evaluate information, synthesize ideas, and develop their own viewpoints.

Thus Statement II is true.

There are three different levels of teaching and teaching takes place at three levels progressively- memory level of teaching, understanding level of teaching, and reflective level of teaching. Teachers must keep in mind the developmental stage of the learners so that desired educational objectives can be achieved.

There are three levels of teaching effectively:

1. Memory level:

• ​It involves memorizing factual information.
• It is the least thoughtful method since it encourages rote memorization.
• The teacher focuses on the recall, recognition, and retention of learning.
• It is mostly employed by the teachers at the primary classes to teach basic skills such as rules of grammar, arithmetic, spellings, etc.

2. Understanding level: ​This level focuses on comprehension and understanding of the meaning of the topic being studied. It involves breaking down complex topics into a logical sequence of steps.

3. Reflective level: It implies the highest level of thoughtfulness on the part of the learners. It involves the method of the scientific method of understanding of a problem. It makes use of the ‘problem-solving approach’ to find a solution to a difficult problem. This level of teaching is usually employed at the college/university level.

Hence, it becomes clear that the memory level of teaching includes Rote memorization.

The correct answer is 'memory span'

Key Points

• Memory Span:
  • Memory span refers to the number of items an individual can retain and recall accurately in the correct order after a single presentation.
  • This measure is often used in cognitive psychology to assess the capacity of short-term memory.
  • Typically, the average adult can hold about 7±2 items in their short-term memory, a concept often referred to as Miller's Law.

Additional Information

• Chunking:
  • Chunking is a strategy used to enhance memory by grouping individual pieces of information into larger, more manageable units or "chunks."
  • While chunking can help improve memory span, it is not the measure of the number of items one can recall in a single presentation.
• Phonological Loop:
  • The phonological loop is a component of Baddeley and Hitch's model of working memory that deals with auditory and verbal information.
  • It is responsible for the temporary storage and manipulation of phonological information, but it is not the measure of memory span.
• Time Zone:
  • Time Zone is unrelated to cognitive psychology and memory span. It refers to a region of the globe that observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes.