Which of the following statement is NOT related to Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
• This law provides the foundation for the concept of temperature, establishing that temperature is a fundamental and measurable property.
• The statement in option 1 incorrectly refers to "chemical equilibrium" instead of "thermal equilibrium," which is the focus of the Zeroth Law.
• The Zeroth Law was first formulated in 1931 by R.H. Fowler, highlighting the importance of temperature as a measurable and comparable property.

Additional Information

• Thermal Equilibrium:
  • Two systems are in thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of thermal energy between them when they are in contact.
  • This concept is crucial for defining temperature uniformly across different systems.
• Temperature:
  • Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a system.
  • It is an intrinsic property that determines the direction of heat transfer between systems.
• Formulation of the Zeroth Law:
  • The Zeroth Law was named by Ralph H. Fowler in 1931 to emphasize its fundamental nature in thermodynamics.
  • It is considered "zeroth" because it logically precedes the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics.
• Applications of the Zeroth Law:
  • Thermometers rely on the Zeroth Law to measure temperature accurately by reaching thermal equilibrium with the system being measured.
  • This law is foundational in the development of temperature scales like Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.