Which dam built in the Mahanadi basin integrates conservation of water with flood control?

The correct answer is Hirakud Dam.

Key Points

• Hirakud Dam is located on the Mahanadi River in the state of Odisha, India.
• It is one of the longest dams in the world, with a length of around 25.8 kilometers, including its dike system.
• The dam was completed in 1957 and serves a dual purpose of water conservation and flood control in the Mahanadi basin.
• The reservoir created by the Hirakud Dam is known as the Hirakud Reservoir and has a significant storage capacity to control monsoon-induced floods.
• Besides flood control, the dam supports irrigation, hydroelectric power generation, and water supply for industrial and domestic purposes.

Additional Information

• Mahanadi River:
  • The Mahanadi River is one of the major rivers in India, flowing through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
  • It is known for its seasonal flooding, which necessitated the construction of the Hirakud Dam.
  • The river has a total length of about 851 kilometers before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
• Flood Control:
  • The primary purpose of the Hirakud Dam is to reduce the risk of floods in the Mahanadi delta, a region historically prone to severe flood damage.
  • The dam's design allows it to store excess monsoon water, releasing it gradually to prevent downstream flooding.
• Hydroelectric Power:
  • The Hirakud Dam has several powerhouses that generate hydroelectric power, contributing to the energy needs of Odisha and neighboring states.
  • The installed power generation capacity of the dam is approximately 307.5 MW.
• Irrigation Benefits:
  • The dam provides irrigation to a vast area of agricultural land, ensuring water availability even during dry seasons.
  • It plays a critical role in the agricultural economy of Odisha by supporting crops such as rice, sugarcane, and pulses.