Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English? In assessing the films of Japanese director Akira Kurosawa, ______blank have missed his equally deep engagement with Japanese artistic traditions such as Noh theater.

  1. many critics have focused on Kurosawa's use of Western literary sources but
  2. Kurosawa's use of Western literary sources has been the focus of many critics, who
  3. there are many critics who have focused on Kurosawa's use of Western literary sources, but they
  4. the focus of many critics has been on Kurosawa's use of Western literary sources; they

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : many critics have focused on Kurosawa's use of Western literary sources but

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Choice A is the best answer. The convention being tested is subject-modifier placement. This choice makes the noun phrase 'many critics' the subject of the sentence and places it immediately after the modifying phrase 'in assessing…Kurosawa.' In doing so, this choice clearly establishes that it is the critics-and not another noun in the sentence-who assess Kurosawa's films. Choice B is incorrect because it results in a dangling modifier. The placement of the noun phrase 'Kurosawa's…sources' immediately after the modifying phrase illogically suggests that his use of Western literary sources is what assesses Kurosawa's films. Choice C is incorrect because it results in a dangling modifier. The placement of the function word 'there' immediately after the modifying phrase illogically suggests that 'there' is what assesses Kurosawa's films. Choice D is incorrect because it results in a dangling modifier. The placement of the noun phrase 'the focus…critics' immediately after the modifying phrase illogically suggests that the critics' focus is what assesses Kurosawa's films.

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