P and Q can complete a work in 20 days and 30 days, respectively. P started the work and Q joined him after 5 days. In how many days will the entire work be completed?

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  1. 13
  2. 11
  3. 14
  4. 9

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : 14
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Given:

Time taken by P to complete the work = 20 days

Time taken by Q to complete the work = 30 days

P worked for the first 5 days alone.

Formula Used:

Total Work = LCM of (Time taken by P, Time taken by Q)

Efficiency = Total Work / Time taken

Work done = Efficiency × Number of days

Calculation:

LCM(20, 30) = 60 units (Total Work)

Efficiency of P = Total Work / Time taken by P = 60 / 20 = 3 units/day

Efficiency of Q = Total Work / Time taken by Q = 60 / 30 = 2 units/day

Work done by P in the first 5 days = Efficiency of P × 5 = 3 × 5 = 15 units

Remaining work = Total Work - Work done by P = 60 - 15 = 45 units

Combined Efficiency of P and Q = Efficiency of P + Efficiency of Q = 3 + 2 = 5 units/day

Time taken by P and Q together to complete the remaining work = Remaining Work / Combined Efficiency = 45 / 5 = 9 days

Total time to complete the entire work = Time P worked alone + Time P and Q worked together = 5 + 9 = 14 days

∴ The entire work will be completed in 14 days.

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