Maxwell's equations are obeyed by the E.M. waves when these waves are travelling:

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  1. Only in free space
  2. Only in free space and water and but not in a plasma medium
  3. Only in free space, water and gases but not in solids
  4. In all solids, liquids, gases and any other medium given above

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : In all solids, liquids, gases and any other medium given above
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Maxwell’s equations are obeyed by the EM wave in any medium / everywhere

Important Points

Maxwell’s equations:

∇⋅D = ρ → gauss law

∇⋅B = 0 → gauss law for magnetism

\(\nabla \times E = \frac{{ - \partial B}}{{\partial t}}\) → Faraday’s law

\(\nabla \times H = J + \frac{{\partial D}}{{\partial t}}\) → Ampere’s law

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