In Prokaryotic cell, DNA is -  

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Bihar STET TGT (Science) Official Paper-I (Held On: 08 Sept, 2023 Shift 1)
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  1. enclosed by nuclear membrane
  2. Lacking altogether 
  3. not the genetic material 
  4. not enclosed by nuclear membrane

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : not enclosed by nuclear membrane
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The correct answer is not enclosed by nuclear membrane.

Explanation- 

In prokaryotic cells, which include organisms like bacteria and archaea, the DNA is:

  • Unbound: Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, so the DNA is not contained within a nuclear membrane. Instead, it resides in the cell's central part, an area called the nucleoid.
  • Circular: The DNA of most prokaryotes is in the form of a single circular molecule, or chromosome. This is very different from eukaryotic DNA, which is linear and exists in multiple chromosomes.
  • Unpackaged: While eukaryotic DNA is wrapped around proteins called histones for packaging, prokaryotic DNA does not have an equivalent type of protein. Nonetheless, it is supercoiled, or compacted into a smaller, more manageable structure, through the action of enzymes.
  • Not Associated with Introns: In prokaryotes, genes do not typically contain introns (non-coding sequences) like they do in eukaryotes. Most of the DNA sequence in prokaryotes codes for proteins.
  • Associated with Plasmids: In addition to the main circular DNA molecule, prokaryotic cells can also contain smaller, circular DNA structures known as plasmids. These plasmids carry genes that can be beneficial for the bacteria, such as drug resistance genes, and can be exchanged between bacteria.

 

Conclusion - In prokaryotes, DNA is not enclosed by a nuclear membrane.

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