According to Herbart, arrange the elements of Pedagogy of teaching and learning in a sequence?

A. Preparation

B. Association

C. Presentation

D. Application

E. Generalisation

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The correct answer is A, C, B, E, D.
Important Points

Johann Friedrich Herbart, a German philosopher, psychologist, and founder of pedagogy as an academic discipline, proposed a five-step methodology for teaching and learning.

These steps, in their correct sequence, are:

Preparation:

• This step involves preparing the learner's mind to receive new knowledge.
• It is about creating a fertile ground for learning by relating new content to prior knowledge and experiences.

Presentation:

• In this step, new knowledge is presented to the learner.
• This could be in the form of a lecture, a demonstration, a text, a real-world problem, or a thought-provoking question.

Association:

• During this phase, learners are encouraged to connect new knowledge with what they already know, forming associations that help to embed the new knowledge into their mental frameworks.

Generalisation:

• This stage involves distilling a general principle or rule from the learning experience. It's about abstracting the key insights from specific examples or experiences.

Application: In the final stage, learners are encouraged to apply their new knowledge or skills to different contexts or situations. This helps to reinforce the learning and make it more robust.

So the correct sequence would be: A (Preparation), C (Presentation), B (Association), E (Generalisation), D (Application).