Kerala Fisheries: Types Of Fisheries, Practices Followed & More

Fisheries In Kerala: Overview

Kerala, located on the southwest coast of India, boasts a vibrant and diverse fisheries sector. With its extensive coastline, abundant marine resources, and centuries-old fishing traditions, Kerala has emerged as a major hub for fishing and aquaculture activities. The state's fisheries industry contributes significantly to its economy, providing livelihoods to thousands of fishermen and supporting the nutritional needs of its population. Let's delve into the fascinating world of fisheries in Kerala and explore its unique characteristics and contributions. Read more related articles as part of Kerala GK to boost your competitive exam preparation.

Latest Updates On Kerala Fisheries

• The Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) recently received a grant of Rs. 10 crore from NITI Aayog. This funding is earmarked for the establishment of India’s inaugural Atal Incubation Centre (AIC) dedicated to fisheries.
• In the news recently, this grant from NITI Aayog will greatly assist in promoting research, technological advancements, and entrepreneurial initiatives within the fisheries and related sectors.
• The upcoming Fisheries Atal Incubation Centre aims to serve as a central hub for fostering innovation. The focus will be on inspiring young individuals to develop technologies and solutions for challenges faced by marine ecosystems and fishing communities.
• The underlying objective of creating the Fisheries Atal Incubation Centre is to push forward progress within the fisheries industry. It will provide a nurturing environment for start-ups and pioneering initiatives within the sector.
• The Incubation Centre is poised to play a crucial role in job creation by fostering an environment conducive to the growth and success of start-ups and entrepreneurs in the field.
• The Atal Incubation Centre will also promote cooperation among academia, industry, and government institutions. This collaborative relationship will encourage knowledge exchange and commercialization of research findings.

About Kerala Fisheries

Kerala, a state known as "God's own country", boasts a 590-km-long coastline, 44 rivers, and numerous water bodies that support aquatic biodiversity and fish wealth. The state's fisheries sector plays a vital role in sustaining over 10 lakh fisherfolk and supporting various activities like commercial fishing, aquaculture, tourism, education, and recreation. Additionally, the sector contributes around 1.58% to the state's total GDP and set a record of Rs 5919.02 Crores in marine product exports during the year 2017-18.

Fisheries Department, Kerala

The fisheries department of Kerala is tasked with directing policies and initiatives pertaining to the growth and development of inland, marine, and coastal fisheries. The Department is spearheaded by Shri Parshottam Rupala, the esteemed Minister for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying. Assisting his efforts are two Ministers of State for Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Dr. Sanjiv Kumar Balyan and Dr. L Murugan. The administration of the department rests with the Secretary of Fisheries, who in turn, is aided by two Joint Secretaries. Following are the departments:

• Agency for Development of Aquaculture, Kerala (ADAK)
• Kerala Fishermen’s Welfare Fund (KFWEB)
• State Fisheries Resource Management Society (FIRMA)
• Fish Farmers Development Agency (FFDA)
• Kerala State Coastal Area Development Corporation (KSCADC)
• National Institute of Fisheries Administration and Management (NIFAM)
• Society for Assistance to fisherwomen (SAF)
• Kerala Aqua Ventures international limited (KAVIL)

Types of Fisheries in Kerala

Kerala fisheries are located across various regions, including coastal areas, inland water bodies, and aquaculture farms. Here are the locations of different fisheries in Kerala:

Coastal Fisheries

Fisheries along the coastal areas of Kerala are predominantly found in cities, towns, and fishing villages situated along the coastline. Some notable coastal fishing locations include:

• Kochi (Cochin)
• Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum)
• Kollam
• Alappuzha (Alleppey)
• Kannur
• Kozhikode (Calicut)
• Kasaragod
• Vizhinjam

Inland Fisheries

Inland fisheries in Kerala are primarily located in rivers, backwaters, lakes, and reservoirs. These locations provide suitable habitats for freshwater fish species. Notable locations for inland fisheries include:

• Vembanad Lake
• Ashtamudi Lake
• Periyar River
• Pamba River
• Chaliyar River
• Neyyar River
• Idukki Reservoir

Aquaculture Farms

Aquaculture practices are carried out in dedicated farms located in different parts of Kerala. These farms focus on fish farming and shrimp farming. Aquaculture farms can be found in various regions, including:

• Thrissur
• Malappuram
• Kollam
• Kannur
• Kottayam
• Alappuzha
• Pathanamthitta

Fishing Harbors

They play a crucial role in the fisheries sector by providing a designated area for fishermen to dock their boats, unload their catch, and carry out various activities related to fishing and fishery trade. In Kerala, there are several fishing harbors that serve as important hubs for the fishing community.

• Neendakara Harbor
• Munambam Harbor
• Beypore Harbor
• Thottappally Harbor
• Azheekal Harbor
• Kollam Harbor

These are just a few examples of the locations where fisheries activities are concentrated in Kerala. The state's extensive coastline, backwaters, and river systems provide a diverse range of fishing grounds and aquaculture opportunities.

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Types Of Fishes Found In Kerala Fisheries

The Kerala Fisheries boast a diverse array of species, both marine and freshwater, that contribute to the vibrant fishing industry in the state. From the shimmering Arabian Sea to the tranquil backwaters, Kerala is home to a wide range of fish species that support the livelihoods of countless fishermen and contribute to the culinary delights of the region. Whether it's the prized Karimeen (Pearl Spot), the succulent Kingfish, or the flavorful Vanjaram (Seer Fish), Kerala's fisheries offer a bounty of delicious and sought-after species. Let's explore the rich tapestry of fish species that make Kerala's fisheries truly exceptional.

Species Name	Common Name in Kerala	Description
Green Chromide	Karimeen	A popular and prized freshwater fish known for its delicious taste. It is found in the backwaters and brackish waters of Kerala.
Mangrove Red Snapper	Chemmeen Parava	A colorful saltwater fish known for its distinct red color and excellent taste. It is commonly found in mangrove areas.
Orange-spotted Grouper	Kora	This coral reef fish has striking orange spots on its body. It is highly valued for its delicate flavor and firm texture.
Narrow-barred Spanish Mackerel	Ayila	A fast-swimming pelagic fish with a slender body and narrow bars on its sides. It is a popular choice for grilling and frying.
Indo-Pacific Tarpon	Pootharekhala	Known for its impressive size and strength, the Tarpon is a prized game fish found in Kerala's estuaries and coastal waters.
Indian Mackerel	Ayala	A common and commercially important fish with a streamlined body and shimmering silver color. It is a staple in Kerala cuisine.
Great Barracuda	Vatta	A predatory fish with sharp teeth and a sleek body. It is known for its aggressive hunting behavior and impressive speed.
Indian Oil Sardine	Mathi	A small, oily fish found in large schools along the Kerala coast. It is a popular choice for canning and as a fresh catch.
Indian Anchovy	Kozhuva	These small, silvery fish are commonly used for making fish curries and pickles. They are abundant in the coastal waters of Kerala.
John's Snapper	Karutha Para	A highly sought-after snapper species known for its delicious taste and beautiful red coloration.
Silver Pomfret	Avoli	This silver-colored fish is prized for its delicate flesh and mild flavor. It is a popular choice for fish fries and curries.
Japanese Threadfin Bream	Kilimeen	A tasty and versatile fish commonly found in the estuaries and backwaters of Kerala. It is known for its distinct thread-like fins.
Asian Seabass	Koduva	An important game fish with a strong, muscular body and firm white flesh. It is highly prized for its taste and culinary versatility.
Giant Tiger Prawn	Chemmeen	One of the largest species of prawns, it is known for its size and succulent meat. It is widely used in various seafood dishes.
Indian White Shrimp	Poovalan Chemmeen	A popular variety of shrimp known for its sweet and delicate flavor. It is widely used in curries, fries, and seafood preparations.
Brown Shrimp	Neitha	A small, brown-colored shrimp species found in the coastal waters of Kerala. It is valued for its taste and culinary applications.
Flower Crab	Kakka	This crab species is known for its distinctive flower-like markings on its shell. It is used in various seafood preparations.
Pharaoh Cuttlefish	Koonthal	A cephalopod mollusk with a unique ability to change color and camouflage itself. It is used in dishes like squid fry and curries.
Indian Squid	Kanava	A versatile seafood option, the Indian Squid has a tender texture and is commonly used in

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Kerala Fisheries Department Schemes

The Kerala Fisheries Schemes are a series of government initiatives in the Indian state of Kerala aimed at promoting and developing the fisheries sector. These schemes encompass a range of activities, including the modernization of fishing techniques, infrastructure improvement, training for fishermen, and the promotion of sustainable fishing practices. They play a crucial role in boosting the livelihoods of fishermen and enhancing the state's economy through the sustainable exploitation of its rich aquatic resources. Following is the list of Kerala fisheries department schemes:

• Conservation And Management Of Fish Resources
• Marine Fishing Implements
• Integrated Fisheries Development
• Inland Fish Production
• Fishing Harbours
• Investigation Of New Fishing Harbours And Landing Centres
• Management Of Fishery Harbour
• Fish Landing Centres
• RIDF
• Modernisation Of Fish Markets And Value Addition
• Coastal Social Infrastructure
• Theeramythri And Micro Enterprises
• Education
• Saving Cum Relief Scheme To Fishermen
• National Fishermen Welfare Fund Assisted Housing Scheme
• Group Insurance Scheme For Fishermen
• Group Insurance Scheme For Allied Workers In Fishery Sector
• Extension And Training
• Modernisation Of Fisheries Department
• 13th Finance Commission Award
• Kerala University Of Fisheries & Ocean Studies

Practices Followed In Kerala Fisheries

The Kerala fisheries practices are aimed at sustainable and responsible fishing, promoting aquaculture, conservation of marine resources, and ensuring the livelihood of fishing communities. Some of the key practices include:

1. Responsible Fishing: Kerala promotes responsible fishing practices, such as regulated fishing seasons, size limits, and gear restrictions, to prevent overfishing and protect fish stocks.
2. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs): The establishment of MPAs helps conserve critical marine habitats, protect vulnerable species, and maintain overall ecosystem health.
3. Aquaculture Development: Kerala encourages the development of sustainable aquaculture practices, including shrimp farming, fish culture in freshwater ponds, and integrated multi-trophic aquaculture systems.
4. Fishery Cooperatives: Fishermen in Kerala organize themselves into cooperatives to collectively manage fishing activities, share resources, and ensure fair prices for their catch.
5. Fish Seed Production: The state focuses on the production of quality fish seeds through hatcheries, ensuring the availability of healthy and disease-free seeds for aquaculture and stock enhancement programs.
6. Fish Quality Control: Strict quality control measures are implemented to ensure the freshness, hygiene, and safety of fish and seafood products through proper handling, processing, and storage practices.
7. Research and Development: Kerala emphasizes research and development initiatives in fisheries to enhance productivity, improve fishery management techniques, and explore sustainable practices.
8. Training and Skill Development: The state provides training and capacity-building programs for fishermen, fish farmers, and other stakeholders to enhance their knowledge and skills in fishing techniques, aquaculture practices, and resource management.
9. Value Addition and Marketing: Efforts are made to promote value addition to fishery products through processing, packaging, and branding, enabling fishermen to earn higher incomes. Marketing support is provided to facilitate access to domestic and international markets.
10. Conservation and Awareness: Kerala actively promotes conservation and awareness campaigns to protect endangered species, prevent pollution, and educate stakeholders about the importance of sustainable fishing practices and marine biodiversity.

These practices collectively aim to ensure the long-term sustainability of fisheries, protect marine ecosystems, and support the socio-economic well-being of fishing communities in Kerala.

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Important Questions on Fisheries in Kerala

Q.1. Which fish is considered as the state fish of Kerala?

1. Green Chromide
2. Mangrove Red Snapper
3. Indian Mackerel
4. Great Barracuda

Answer: a) Green Chromide

Q.2.Which agency is responsible for the development of aquaculture in Kerala?

1. Kerala State Cooperative Federation for Fisheries development Ltd (Matsyafed)
2. Agency for Development of Aquaculture, Kerala (ADAK)
3. Kerala Fishermen’s Welfare Fund (KFWEB)
4. State Fisheries Resource Management Society (FIRMA)

Answer: b) Agency for Development of Aquaculture, Kerala (ADAK)

Q.3. What is the contribution of Kerala's fisheries sector to the state's GDP?

1. 1.58%
2. 2.58%
3. 3.58%
4. 4.58%

Answer: a) 1.58%

Q.4. Which of the following is not a fishing harbor in Kerala?

1. Kochi
2. Kozhikode
3. Kollam
4. Thiruvananthapuram

Answer: d) Thiruvananthapuram

Q.5. Which of the following is not a marine fish found in Kerala?

1. Orange-spotted Grouper
2. Giant Tiger Prawn
3. Mangrove Red Snapper
4. Narrow-barred Spanish Mackerel

Answer: b) Giant Tiger Prawn

Q.6. Which agency provides financial assistance to fishermen during the fishing ban period in Kerala?

1. Kerala State Cooperative Federation for Fisheries development Ltd (Matsyafed)
2. Kerala Fishermen’s Welfare Fund (KFWEB)
3. Agency for Development of Aquaculture, Kerala (ADAK)
4. Fish Farmers Development Agency (FFDA)

Answer: b) Kerala Fishermen’s Welfare Fund (KFWEB)

Q.7. Which river in Kerala is known for its prawn production?

1. Periyar
2. Pamba
3. Chalakudy
4. Bharathapuzha

Answer: c) Chalakudy

Q.8. Which type of farming involves the cultivation of prawns and other aquatic organisms in controlled environments?

1. Cage culture
2. Pearl farming
3. Shrimp farming
4. Fish farming

Answer: c) Shrimp farming

Q.9. Which of the following is a major fishing harbor in Kerala?

1. Kollam Fishing Harbor
2. Beypore Fishing Harbor
3. Vizhinjam Fishing Harbor
4. All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Q.10. What is the approximate length of Kerala's coastline?

1. 320 km
2. 590 km
3. 720 km
4. 850 km

Answer: b) 590 km

We hope this article on Kerala Fisheries was informative and helpful for your exam preparation. Do not forget to install the free Testbook App and start your preparation with the best online coaching.