Which of the following chucks in the lathe machine is known as Universal Chuck? 

Explanation:

Three Jaw Chuck:

• It is also known as three jaws universal chuck, self-centering chuck, and concentric chuck having three jaws that work at the same time.
• The 3 jaws, which are generally made of high-quality steel, are arrogated at an angle of 120° to each other. During the operation, the jaw teeth are made to mesh with scrawl spiral teeth (Bevel’s teeth).
• The meshing causes a moment of all 3 jaws either towards or away from the chuck center, depending upon the direction of rotation of the bevel pinion.
• Three jaw chucks are used to hold only perfect round and regular jobs, workpieces of circular and hexagonal shapes.

Face Plate:

• It is a circular plate threaded at its center with plain and T-slots which are machined rapidly.
• It is fitted to the lathe spindle with its central threaded portion.
• The job on the workpiece is held by the faceplate using bolts and clamps in the slots.
• The faceplate is suitable to hold both regular and irregular shaped workpieces, which cannot help conveniently by chucks or on centers.

Four Jaw Chuck:

• The four-jaw chuck is also called an independent chuck since each jaw can be adjusted independently.
• Four jaw chucks are used for a wide range of regular and irregular shapes.