Which Article of the Indian Constitution says that "members of the defence services, Central Civil Service and All India Services" hold office during the pleasure of the President?

The correct answer is Article 310.

Key Points

• Article 310 of the Indian Constitution provides that members of the defence services, Central Civil Services, and All India Services hold office during the pleasure of the President.
• The doctrine of "pleasure" ensures that the President can terminate such services without assigning reasons, subject to constitutional provisions.
• This principle is a standard feature of the parliamentary system and is intended to maintain administrative discipline.
• Article 310 is subject to limitations imposed by Article 311, which provides safeguards against arbitrary dismissal, removal, or reduction in rank.
• These provisions apply to individuals serving under the Union or State governments.

Additional Information

• Doctrine of Pleasure: The concept originates from British constitutional law, under which civil servants hold office "at the pleasure" of the Crown.
• Article 311: Provides protection to civil servants by ensuring they cannot be dismissed without an inquiry and reasonable opportunity to defend themselves.
• All India Services: Includes IAS (Indian Administrative Service), IPS (Indian Police Service), and IFS (Indian Forest Service), governed by this constitutional framework.
• Defence Services: Personnel serving in the Army, Navy, and Air Force fall under the purview of Article 310.
• Central Civil Services: Refers to various other services under the Union Government, including administrative and non-administrative roles.