When antigens are introduced in the body through vaccination antibodies are produced to fight off infection

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

• Antigens:
  • Substances found on the surface of pathogens (bacteria, viruses, etc.).
  • Trigger the immune response when detected by the body.
  • When antigens are introduced in the body through vaccination, the body produces antibodies to fight off infection.
  • After the vaccination, B-cells make defensive antibodies against the antigen. Hence option 2 is correct
• Vaccination:
  • Involves introducing weakened, inactivated, or pieces of a pathogen into the body.
  • Stimulates the immune system to recognize and remember the antigen.
• Antibodies:
  • Proteins produced by B cells in response to the antigen.
  • Neutralize or destroy the invading pathogen.
• Memory Cells:
  • After exposure to the antigen, the body retains memory cells.
  • These cells allow for a faster, stronger response upon future exposure to the same pathogen.
• Immunization:
  • Vaccination leads to active immunity where the body produces its own antibodies.
  • Can also result in passive immunity, where antibodies are passed from another source (e.g., mother to child).
• Significance:
  • Vaccines help build immunity, prevent disease spread, and protect vulnerable populations.
  • Herd immunity is built when a significant portion of the population is vaccinated, making it harder for diseases to spread