"There is a huge loss of valuable nutrients and fertility in India". What are the reasons for this?

The correct answer is Option 1: Soil erosion

Key Points

• Soil erosion: Soil erosion is a major cause of nutrient loss as it removes the fertile topsoil, which contains essential nutrients needed for plant growth.
• Soil erosion leads to the displacement of soil particles, which results in the loss of organic matter, minerals, and vital nutrients.
• It is caused by natural factors like wind and water, as well as human activities such as deforestation and improper agricultural practices.

Important Points

• Land degradation: While land degradation contributes to a loss of fertility, soil erosion is a more direct cause of nutrient loss in the soil.
• Waterlogging: Excess water in the soil can lead to nutrient leaching and reduced oxygen availability to plant roots, but it does not directly cause nutrient loss as much as soil erosion does.
• Air Pollution: Air pollution can affect crops and soil health indirectly but does not directly lead to the loss of soil nutrients like soil erosion does.

Additional Information

• Soil erosion prevention: Measures like afforestation, contour farming, and terracing can reduce soil erosion and help retain soil nutrients.
• Soil conservation practices are essential for maintaining soil fertility and preventing the loss of valuable nutrients in agricultural lands.