Sterilisation techniques are generally fool proof methods of contraception with least side effects. Yet, this is the last option for the couples because:

i. It is almost irreversible

ii. Of the misconception that it will reduce sexual urge

iii. It is a surgical procedure

iv. Of lack of sufficient facilities in many parts of the country

Choose the correct option:

Correct Answer: Option 4

Concept:

• Birth control is a means to prevent pregnancy.
• The measures that are taken to avoid fertilization and thus pregnancy are called contraceptives.
• An ideal contraceptive is readily available, effective, has no side effects, and is user-friendly.

       Explanation:

• STERILIZATION:
  • ​Sterilization is a permanent contraceptive method.
  • It is a surgical method that blocks gamete transport in both males and females. Since gamete does not get transported it in turn prevents pregnancy.
  • In males, the procedure is called vasectomy, and in females tubectomy.

• Statement I: It is almost irreversible.
  • ​This statement is true.
  • It is a surgical technique that is highly effective.
  • However, its reversibility is very poor.
• Statement II: Of the misconception that it will reduce the sexual urge.
  • ​This statement is true.
  • There is a misconception regarding sterilization that it affects ejaculation and that the sexual urge is reduced.
• Statement III: It is a surgical procedure.
  • This statement is true.​
  • Sterilization is a surgical procedure performed by trained medical professionals like doctors.
  • It blocks the gamete transport.
  • In males, vasectomy is the sterilization procedure wherein a small part of the vas deferens is either removed or tied up surgically.
  • In females, tubectomy is the sterilization procedure wherein a small part of the fallopian tube is either removed or tied up surgically.
• Statement IV: Of lack of sufficient facilities in many parts of the country.
  • ​This statement is true.
  • Since sterilization is a surgical procedure it requires trained medical professionals and proper medical facilities.
  • Such healthcare units are not available throughout the country.
  • Thus there is a lack of sufficient facilities in many parts of the country.

Thus from the above-given information, all four statements are true regarding sterilization and that matches with option 4.

So the correct answer is option 4.