Self-respect movement which was started by EV Ramaswamy Naicker is related to which of the following states?

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  1. Bihar
  2. Karnataka
  3. Tamil Nadu
  4. Bengal

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Tamil Nadu
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The correct answer is Tamil Nadu.

Key Points

  • The Self-Respect Movement was initiated by EV Ramaswamy Naicker, popularly known as Periyar, in Tamil Nadu in 1925.
  • The movement aimed to promote rational thinking, self-respect, and equality, especially among the marginalized communities in Tamil Nadu.
  • It sought to eradicate caste discrimination and challenge the dominance of Brahmanical ideology in Tamil society.
  • Periyar emphasized the importance of education, gender equality, and social justice as the cornerstone of the movement.
  • The Self-Respect Movement played a significant role in shaping the socio-political landscape of Tamil Nadu and laid the foundation for Dravidian ideologies.

Additional Information

  • EV Ramaswamy Naicker (Periyar)
    • Periyar was a social reformer, thinker, and politician who advocated for the rights of marginalized communities, particularly Dalits and women.
    • He strongly opposed the caste system and superstitions prevalent in Indian society.
    • He is regarded as the "Father of the Dravidian Movement" for his significant contributions to social justice and rationalism.
  • Dravidian Movement
    • The Dravidian Movement emerged from the principles of the Self-Respect Movement and aimed to establish social justice in Tamil Nadu.
    • It emphasized regional pride, linguistic identity, and opposition to Hindi imposition.
    • The movement led to the rise of political parties like the DMK (Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam) and AIADMK (All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam).
  • Impact of the Self-Respect Movement
    • It led to the questioning of traditional social norms and practices, including arranged marriages and religious rituals.
    • Empowered marginalized communities to demand equality and rights in Tamil society.
    • Contributed to the spread of progressive ideologies and reforms in Southern India.
  • Key Concepts Promoted by the Movement
    • Rationalism: Advocated logical reasoning over blind belief and superstition.
    • Self-respect: Encouraged individuals to reject caste-based discrimination and inequality.
    • Gender Equality: Focused on women's education and rights to achieve societal progress.
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