In a one-dimensional flow in an unconfined aquifer, between two water bodies during recharge, the water table profile is :

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UKPSC JE Civil 8 May 2022 Official Paper-II
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  1. part of ellipse
  2. part of circle 
  3. part of parabola
  4. straight line

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : part of ellipse
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Concept:

Unconfined flow with Recharge:

The shape of the water table determines the flow distribution, but at the same time, the flow distribution governs the water table shape.

For one-dimensional unconfined flow subject to recharge or evapotranspiration, we can obtain the following equation for the water-table position: 

Where x = distance from the origin, L = distance from the origin to the point where h2 is measured, h1 = head at the origin (upstream end), h2 = head at the distance L (downstream end), K = mean hydraulic conductivity of the unconfined aquifer, and R = recharge rate.

For one-dimensional flow in an unconfined aquifer between two water bodies during recharge the water table profile is represented by an ellipse equation.

Unconfined Flow without recharge:

For one-dimensional flow in an unconfined aquifer between two water bodies with no recharge, the water table is represented by a parabolic equation.

Hence option (3) is the correct answer.

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