Population Geography MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Population Geography - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

• Africa has the highest population growth rate as all three subregions growing over 2% are in Africa.
• Middle Africa is the only subregion growing over 3% followed by Western Africa and Eastern Africa growing over 2%.
• The population growth rate of Africa (2.49%) is almost double of the growth rate of second fastest growing continent Oceania (1.31%).
• Except for Africa and Oceania, the remaining four continents have growth rates below 1%.
• The Populations of Asia (0.86%), South America (0.83%) and North America (0.77%) are increasing at a similar rate.
• Eleven subregions have growth rates above 1%. Europe is the only continent with a modest growth rate of 0.06% as the lowest three ranked subregions are located in Europe. Southern Europe and Eastern Europe have negative growth rates.

The largest number of tribal population in India as per the 2011 Census is found in Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

Madhya Pradesh has the largest Tribal population. It has more than 1.6 crore Schedule Tribe population who is 21% of the state population according to the 2011 census.

• The largest population in Madhya Pradesh is that of the Bhil tribe.
• The second highest tribal population is that of Odisha.
• The population of Mizoram in 2001 Census has been 888,573. Of them, 839,310 are Scheduled Tribes (STs) constituting 94.5 percent of the total population of the state.
• As per the Scheduled Tribes, Census of India 2001, Mizoram has 839,310 Scheduled Tribes (STs) constituting 94.5 percent of the total population of the state at that time.
• Nagaland is the highest percentage of the tribal population out of the total population of the state after Mizoram.

So, the correct answer is option 2) "Madhya Pradesh."

Additional Information

• Census is an official enumeration of the population from time to time.
• Census has been conducted every 10 years by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
• The 16th Indian census will be taken in 2021.
• In September 2019, Union Home Minister Amit Shah had stated that the 2021 national census would be held fully digitally through a mobile phone application. 
• In February 2021, Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman confirmed in her budget speech that the 2021 census will be the first-ever digital census in India.
• 2021 Census will be carried out in 16 languages.
• The 15th Indian Census was taken in 2011.
• India is the second most populated country in the world.
• The population in India is 139 crores.
• India has 17.7% of the world's population.
• The population density in India is  382 per km2.
• The first Census in India was conducted by the Viceroy - Lord Mayo (1872).
• The first official Census in India was conducted by the Viceroy - Lord Rippon (1881).

Important Points

• The state with the largest tribal population in India - Madhya Pradesh.
• The Union Territory with the largest tribal population in India - Daman and Diu.
• The Union Territory with the largest tribal population in percentage - Lakshadweep.
• Most populous state in India - Uttar Pradesh.
• Least populous state in India - Sikkim.
• Most populous Union Territory - Delhi.
• Least populous Union Territory - Lakshadweep.
• The state with the highest population growth rate - Meghalaya.
• The state with the lowest population growth rate - Nagaland.

The correct answer is I, II, III, and IV.Key Points

• Factors like climate, soil, topography, and water affect the distribution of population. 
• Climate:
  • The climate of a region plays a significant role in determining the distribution of population.
  • People tend to settle in areas with moderate temperatures, adequate rainfall, and comfortable living conditions.
  • Harsh climatic conditions such as extreme cold or hot weather, frequent natural calamities like floods, hurricanes, or droughts, can make an area unsuitable for human habitation.
• Soil:
  • The fertility of soil determines the type of crops that can be grown in an area, which in turn influences the settlement patterns of people.
  • Areas with fertile soil and suitable climate are likely to have a higher population density as they can support agriculture and other related industries.
• Topography:
  • Topography refers to the physical features of the land, such as mountains, valleys, plains, and plateaus.
  • People are more likely to settle in areas with flat land and easy accessibility to water and other resources.
• Mountainous regions may have a lower population density due to the difficulty in transportation and limited space for agriculture.
• Water:
  • Water is a critical resource for human survival, and its availability determines the distribution of population.
  • People tend to settle near water sources like rivers, lakes, and oceans, as they provide a source of drinking water, irrigation, and transportation.
  • Areas with limited water resources may have a lower population density.

• Human migration is the movement of people from one place to another with intention of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location.

Key Points

1. Push factors “push” people away from their homes and include things like war. Pull factors “pull” people to a new home and include things like better opportunities.
2. Poorer health facilities and the absence of good educational institutions push people to migrate, so these are the push factors of migration.
3. Better opportunities for work and better health facilities pull people and so, these are pull factors of migration.

Hence, Poor health facilities and the absence of good educational institutions are the push factors for migration.

• The HDI was created to emphasize that people and their capabilities should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth alone.
• The HDI can also be used to question national policy choices, asking how two countries with the same level of GNI per capita can end up with different human development outcomes. These contrasts can stimulate debate about government policy priorities.
• The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable and a decent standard of living.
• The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices for each of the three dimensions.
• The health dimension is assessed by life expectancy at birth, the education dimension is measured by mean years of schooling for adults aged 25 years and more and expected years of schooling for children of school entering age. The standard of living dimension is measured by gross national income per capita.
• The scores for the three HDI dimension indices are then aggregated into a composite index using geometric mean.

15-59

A demographic dividend refers to the economic growth potential that arises from shifts in a country’s age structure, particularly when the working-age population (typically defined as ages 15 to 59 or 15 to 64) becomes larger than the non-working-age population (children aged 0-14 and the elderly aged 60 and above).

 Key Points

• Economic Productivity:
  • The 15-59 age group is considered the most economically productive.
  • People in this age range are typically employed, generating income, and contributing to the economy through their labor and consumption.
  • As a larger proportion of the population enters this age group, the country experiences higher economic output.
• Dependency Ratio:
  • The dependency ratio measures the proportion of dependents (young and old who are not in the labor force) to the working-age population.
  • A lower dependency ratio, which means fewer dependents relative to the number of working-age individuals, can lead to greater economic productivity per capita and allows for more investment in economic development rather than in the immediate needs of the young and old.
• Savings and Investments:
  • With more working-age individuals, savings rates often increase. Households with more working members and fewer dependents can save more, and these savings can be channeled into investments, leading to further economic growth and development.
• Human Capital:
  • If complemented by effective policies, such as ensuring access to education and health services, this demographic structure can lead to an improvement in human capital. Educated and healthy workers are more productive and can drive innovation and growth.
• Market Expansion:
  • A larger working-age population also expands the domestic market. With higher incomes, this group has greater purchasing power, stimulating demand for goods and services and fostering business growth.

Additional Information

For a country to fully benefit from the demographic dividend, certain conditions need to be met, including:

• Policy Environment:
  • Adequate policies in education, health, and labor markets are critical. Investment in education and health ensures that the working-age population is well-prepared to contribute to the economy efficiently.
• Economic Opportunities:
  • The economy should be capable of providing sufficient employment opportunities for the growing workforce. Without adequate job creation, the potential economic benefits might not be realized.
• Governance and Stability:
  • Political stability and effective governance are crucial for sustainable economic growth and for maximizing the demographic dividend.
  • Countries like East Asian nations (such as South Korea and Singapore) have effectively harnessed their demographic dividends through supportive policies and economic strategies, leading to substantial economic growth.
  • On the other hand, countries that cannot provide sufficient opportunities or services to the burgeoning working-age population may struggle with increased unemployment and socioeconomic challenges.

In summary, the age structure of 15-59 is key to achieving a demographic dividend due to the economic productivity and potential benefits that a larger working-age population can provide. 

Haryana recorded the highest percentage of the urban population within them as per the 2011 Census.

• Uttar Pradesh has the largest rural population of 155.11 million (18.62% of the country's rural population) whereas Maharashtra has the highest urban population of 50.83 million (13.48% of the country's urban population) in the country.
• Among major states, Tamil Nadu continues to be the most urbanized state with 48.4 percent of the population living in urban areas followed now by Kerala (47.7 percent) upstaging Maharashtra (45.2 percent).
• In the case of the percentage of the urban population in terms of the total population, Haryana shows the highest one.

• State	Urban population (%)
  Haryana	34..79
  Madhya Pradesh	27.63
  Uttar Pradesh	22.28
  Bihar	11.30

The correct answer is births, deaths and migration.

Key Points

• Population change refers to a change in the number of people during a specific time.
• This happens due to changes in the number of births and deaths.
• The three main factors that cause population change are:
  • births,
  • deaths, and 
  • migration
• Births are usually measured using the birth rate i.e., the number of live births per 1000 people.
• Deaths are measured using the death rate i.e., the number of deaths per 1000 people.
• Migration is the movement of people in and out of an area.
• Births and deaths are the natural causes of population change.
• Migration is another way through which population size changes.
• People may move within a country or between countries.

 Thus, we can say that the three main factors that cause population change are births, deaths and migration.

The correct answer is Sikkim.

Key Points

• According to the state census 2011, the most populated state in India is Uttar Pradesh.
• The least populated state in the country is Sikkim with a population of 60,7688.
• Mizoram is the second least populous state in India.
• Sikkim is a state in northeast India.
• It borders the Tibet autonomous region of China in the north and northeast, Bhutan in the east, Province no.1 of Nepal in the west and West Bengal in the south.

 Thus, we can say that as per the 2011 census, Sikkim is the least populous state in India.