Literary Sources MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Literary Sources - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The correct answer is Kushalchandra.

• Kushalchandra wrote Dhola-maru-ri-vat.

Key Points

• The Dhola Maru is the romantic tale of Dhola and Maru in Rajasthan.
• The Dhola Maru story is deeply rooted in folklore and oral traditions.
• It was composed in 1617.
• In Rajasthani literature Vat means story.
• Dhola Maru ra Doha is the edited text by Kashi Nagari Pracharini sabha.

Additional Information

• Nayan Chandra Suri
  • He was a Jain scholar.
  • He wrote Hammira Mahakavya in the 15th century.
• Bappabhatti Suri
  • ​He was a Jain monk.​
  • He composed 52 books some of which are Chaturvinshati and Saraswati stotra.
• Sringardevi
  • ​She was the daughter of Rao Jodha Rathore a ruler of Mandore.
  • She was married to Rana Raimal of Mewar.

The correct answer is Folklore.

• Historical sources can include coins, artefacts, monuments, literary sources, documents, artefacts archaeological sites, features, oral transmissions, stone inscriptions, paintings, recorded sounds, images and oral history.
• Even ancient relics and ruins, broadly speaking, are historical sources.​

Important Points

• Folklore gives us the wisdom to understand these moments from different points of view. It showcases that all of our problems and successes happen in every culture and throughout different periods of history.
• We are unique as individuals, but we are all connected through these moral truths.
• Though these are my present in vocals, so we dont don't them as the oil sources.

Hence, The correct answer is Folklore.

M. N. Srinivas propounded the theory of Sanskritization.Key Points

• The concept ‘Of Sanskritization’ was first introduced by Prof. M.N. Srinivas the famous Indian sociologist.
• He explained the concept of Sanskritization in his book “Religion and Society among the Coorgs of South India” to describe the cultural mobility in the traditional caste structure of Indian society.
• In his study of the Coorgs of Mysore, he came to know that the lower castes were trying to raise their status in their caste hierarchy by adopting some cultural ideals of the Brahmins.
• As a result, they left some of their ideals which are considered to be impure by the Brahmins.
• To explain this process of mobility, Srinivas used the term ‘Brahminization’.
• Later on, he called it ‘Sanskritization’ in a broad sense.
• Defining Sanskritization Srinivas writes, “Sanskritization is a process by which a lower caste or tribe or any other group changes its customs, rituals, ideology and way of life in the direction of a higher or more often twice-born caste.”

• The Italian philosopher Benedetto Croce once said, “all history is contemporary history” and written from the point of view of contemporary preoccupations. 
• He states that “contemporary history” usually refers to a near past. In actuality contemporary history is that which begins at the moment I perform an action, it is defined as the actual present: he states that, while writing these pages, he is within the boundaries of contemporary history.
• On the contrary, the history which is defined as “non-contemporary” or “past history” is what we find in front of ourselves, a history that is already fully formed and, in some sense, one we cannot partake in. 

Malavikagnimitra' also known as Malavika and Agnimitra was a Sanskrit play written by the playwright Kalidasa.

• It was Kalidasa's first play.
• The play tells the love story of Agnimitra and Malavika.
• It is a five-act play.
• Agnimitra was the second king of the Shunga dynasty. He succeeded his father, Pushyamitra Shunga, in 149 BCE.
• Its capital was Pataliputra, but later emperors such as Bhagabhadra also held court at Besnagar (modern Vidisha) in eastern Malwa.

Mrichchhakatika' or 'The little clay art' is an ancient Sanskrit play written by king Shudraka in 3rd century A.D.
It is one of the most famous prakaranas i.e. a play whose plot is partly derived from history and partly derived from the author's fancy of ancient India. It gives a glimpse of an ancient Indian court.

• It is a ten act Sanskrit drama attributed to Shudraka.
• It lived sometime between the 2nd century BC and 5 century AD. 
• The play is set in the ancient city of Ujjain during the reign of King Pataka.
• The plot of the novel is that a young Brahman Charudatta falls in love with a wealthy courtesan Vasanthasena.

Mudrarakshasa is a historical play in Sanskrit by Vishakhadatta that narrates the ascent of the king Chandragupta Maurya to power in India.

• The title Mudrarakshasa refers to the signet ring of Rakshasa which was stolen by Chanakya’s spy.
• Chanakya was reportedly the chief minister to the Chandragupta Maurya.
• The Mudrarakshasa is written in the Sanskrit language.
• The historical authenticity of the Mudrarakshasa is somewhat supported by the description of this period of history in Classical Hellenistic sources: the violent rule of the Nanda, the usurpation of Chandragupta, the formation of the Maurya Empire, and the various battles with the kingdoms of the Northwest resulting from the conquests of Alexander the Great.

Ratnavali is a Sanskrit drama about a princess Ratnavali, and a king Udayana, written by Harshvardhana. 

Malavikagnimitra' also known as Malavika and Agnimitra was a Sanskrit play written by the playwright Kalidasa.

• It was Kalidasa's first play.
• The play tells the love story of Agnimitra and Malavika.
• It is a five-act play.
• Agnimitra was the second king of the Shunga dynasty. He succeeded his father, Pushyamitra Shunga, in 149 BCE.
• Its capital was Pataliputra, but later emperors such as Bhagabhadra also held court at Besnagar (modern Vidisha) in eastern Malwa.

Mrichchhakatika' or 'The little clay art' is an ancient Sanskrit play written by king Shudraka in 3rd century A.D.
It is one of the most famous prakaranas i.e. a play whose plot is partly derived from history and partly derived from the author's fancy of ancient India. It gives a glimpse of an ancient Indian court.

• It is a ten act Sanskrit drama attributed to Shudraka.
• It lived sometime between the 2nd century BC and 5 century AD. 
• The play is set in the ancient city of Ujjain during the reign of King Pataka.
• The plot of the novel is that a young Brahman Charudatta falls in love with a wealthy courtesan Vasanthasena.

Mudrarakshasa is a historical play in Sanskrit by Vishakhadatta that narrates the ascent of the king Chandragupta Maurya to power in India.

• The title Mudrarakshasa refers to the signet ring of Rakshasa which was stolen by Chanakya’s spy.
• Chanakya was reportedly the chief minister to the Chandragupta Maurya.
• The Mudrarakshasa is written in the Sanskrit language.
• The historical authenticity of the Mudrarakshasa is somewhat supported by the description of this period of history in Classical Hellenistic sources: the violent rule of the Nanda, the usurpation of Chandragupta, the formation of the Maurya Empire, and the various battles with the kingdoms of the Northwest resulting from the conquests of Alexander the Great.

Ratnavali is a Sanskrit drama about a princess Ratnavali, and a king Udayana, written by Harshvardhana. 

The correct answer is (a), (c) and (d) only.Key Points

• Historical research or historiography, "attempts to systematically recapture the complex nuances, the people, meanings, events, and even ideas of the past that have influenced and shaped the present".

Historical research involves the following steps:

• Identify an idea, topic or research question
• Conduct a background literature review
• Refine the research idea and questions
• Determine that the historical method will be the method used
• Identify and locate primary and secondary data sources
• Evaluate the authenticity and accuracy of source materials

• Analyze the data and develop a narrative exposition of the findings. Hence, statement 1 is correct.

A conjecture is a conclusion or a proposition which is suspected to be true due to preliminary supporting evidence, but for which no proof or disproof has yet been found. Hence in such cases, reasoning stands no chance as it is not supported by evidence.

• Leopold von Ranke described the sources for his work as comprising ‘memoirs, diaries, letters, diplomatic reports, and original narratives of eye-witnesses; other writings were used only if they were immediately derived from the above mentioned or seemed to equal them because of some original information 
• In other words, Ranke regarded primary documents, produced by eyewitnesses and participants in events, as superior to secondary sources.
• The key to Spengler's philosophical anthropology and accompanying philosophy of history is his use of the Faustian legend in popular German literature to interpret modern technology.
• According to him, humans are the only predators able to select and design weapons for attacking nature and each other.
• At some point around the tenth century, this ability developed to such an extent in Western European culture that humans seized for themselves the prerogatives of domination over nature.
• This inexorable destiny is a radical break with earlier periods of thought, in which humans saw themselves as subject to nature; yet it was a destiny made possible by nature when nature gave human beings both mental superiority and hands.

Correct Answer: 1 → 3 → 4 → 2

Key Points

• Charitas and Their Contexts:
  • Harshacharita by Banabhatta
  • Author: Banabhatta.
  • Historical Context: Banabhatta was the court poet of Emperor Harsha, who ruled from 606 to 647 CE.
  • Composition Date: Around the 7th century (circa 620 CE).
• Vikramankadevacharita by Bilhana
  • Author: Bilhana.
  • Historical Context: This text celebrates the achievements of Vikramaditya VI of the Western Chalukya dynasty.
  • Composition Date: Late 11th to early 12th century (approximately 1085–1095 CE).
• Navasahasankacharita by Padmagupta
  • Author: Padmagupta, also known as Parimala.
  • Historical Context: This text concerns the reign of the Paramara king Sindhuraja.
  • Composition Date: Late 10th century to early 11th century (circa 1000 CE).
• Ramacharita by Sandhyakaranandin
  • Author: Sandhyakaranandin.
  • Historical Context: This biography and allegory celebrates the Pala dynasty’s King Rampala.
  • Composition Date: Late 11th to early 12th century (circa 1084–1143 CE).
• Correct Chronological Order:

1. Harshacharita by Banabhatta (circa 620 CE)
2. Navasahasankacharita by Padmagupta (circa 1000 CE)
3. Vikramankadevacharita by Bilhana (late 11th century, circa 1085–1095 CE)
4. Ramacharita by Sandhyakaranandin (early 12th century, circa 1084–1143 CE)

 Key Points

• Bramhasiddhanta is not a work composed by Aryabhatta.
• This ancient Indian astronomical treatise is attributed to Brahmagupta, a mathematician and astronomer who lived several centuries after Aryabhatta.
• Brahmagupta's contributions to mathematics and astronomy were significant, including the introduction of zero as a number and rules for using negative number

 Additional Information

•   Aryabhattiya: This is indeed a work composed by Aryabhatta, one of the earliest Indian mathematicians and astronomers whose contributions to the field are monumental. 
• Dasgitika Sutra: This refers to a section within the Aryabhattiya itself, specifically dealing with mathematical operations among other topics. It is a part of Aryabhatta's contributions to ancient Indian literature on mathematics and astronomy, making it an incorrect option as well

The correct answer is Inscriptions.

Key Points

• Writings on hard surfaces like stone or metal are called Inscriptions.
• Often kings got their orders inscribed so that people could see, read and obey them.
• Other inscriptions have the activities done by men and women recorded on them.
• Kings kept record of their victories in the form of inscriptions.

 Thus, we can say that writings on hard surfaces like stone and metals are called Inscriptions.

Additional Information

•  Manuscripts were written on palm leaves or birch.