Cultural Diversity MCQ Quiz in मल्याळम - Objective Question with Answer for Cultural Diversity - സൗജന്യ PDF ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക

The correct answer is - Controlling the judiciary

Key Points

• Controlling the judiciary
  • Civil society does not have the authority or function to control the judiciary. The judiciary operates independently of civil society to maintain the balance of power within a government.
  • The principle of separation of powers ensures that the judiciary remains free from undue influence or control by any external bodies, including civil society.
  • This independence is crucial for upholding the rule of law and ensuring fair and impartial justice.

Additional Information

• Advocacy for social justice
  • Civil society organizations play a vital role in advocating for social justice and human rights.
  • They work to raise awareness, influence policy, and ensure that marginalized groups have a voice in society.
• Ensuring government accountability
  • Civil society is crucial for promoting transparency and accountability in government actions.
  • They monitor government activities, expose corruption, and advocate for good governance practices.
• Assisting marginalized groups
  • Civil society organizations provide essential services and support to marginalized and vulnerable populations.
  • They work to empower these groups, improve their access to resources, and protect their rights.

The correct answer is - Muslims

Key Points

• Muslims
  • According to the Indian Census, Muslims constitute the largest religious minority in India.
  • The 2011 Census data indicates that Muslims make up about 14.2% of the total population.
  • In terms of absolute numbers, the Muslim population in India is over 170 million, making it the second-largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia.
  • This demographic information is crucial for understanding the religious composition of India.

Additional Information

• Other Religious Minorities
  • Christians
    • Christians constitute about 2.3% of India's population.
    • They are primarily concentrated in states like Kerala, Goa, and the northeastern states.
  • Sikhs
    • Sikhs make up about 1.7% of the population.
    • Punjab is the state with the highest concentration of Sikhs, where they form the majority.
  • Jains
    • Jains account for about 0.4% of the population.
    • They are known for their significant contributions to trade, commerce, and philanthropy in India.
• Constitutional Provisions
  • The Indian Constitution recognizes the rights of religious minorities under various articles, ensuring their protection and ability to preserve their culture.
  • Article 29 and Article 30 specifically focus on the rights of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.

The correct answer is - Sri Lanka

Key Points

• Sri Lanka
  • In 1956, the government of Sri Lanka passed the Official Language Act, also known as the "Sinhala Only Act."
  • This act declared Sinhala as the sole official language of Sri Lanka.
  • The act marginalized the Tamil-speaking population, leading to significant civil unrest and ethnic tensions.
  • This decision was a key factor in the escalation of the conflict between the Sinhalese majority and Tamil minority, eventually leading to the Sri Lankan Civil War.

Additional Information

• Historical Context
  • The Official Language Act was introduced by Prime Minister S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike in 1956.
  • It aimed to replace English with Sinhala as the official language, which was seen as a move to strengthen Sinhalese cultural identity.
• Impact on Tamil Population
  • The Tamil-speaking population saw this act as discriminatory, as it limited their access to government jobs and education, which were predominantly conducted in Sinhala.
  • It led to widespread protests and demands for equal status for the Tamil language.
• Long-term Consequences
  • The language policy exacerbated ethnic divisions and set the stage for prolonged ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka.
  • The civil unrest and ensuing violence contributed to the rise of militant Tamil groups, including the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
  • The civil war lasted for nearly three decades, ending in 2009.

The correct answer is - Mahatma Gandhi

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi
  • Gandhi's philosophy of inclusive nationalism aimed at uniting all Indians regardless of religion, caste, or creed.
  • He consistently promoted the idea that India's struggle for independence should be based on unity and non-violence.
  • He opposed the concept of exclusive nationalism which could lead to division and conflict within the country.

Additional Information

• Subhas Chandra Bose
  • Bose was a prominent leader in the Indian independence movement but had a different approach compared to Gandhi.
  • He advocated for more radical measures and sought help from Axis powers during World War II to fight against British rule.
• Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Nehru was a close associate of Gandhi and shared his vision of a secular and inclusive India.
  • He became the first Prime Minister of independent India and played a key role in shaping the nation's democratic and secular framework.
• Sardar Patel
  • Patel, also known as the Iron Man of India, was instrumental in the integration of princely states into the Indian Union.
  • He worked closely with Gandhi and Nehru and supported the vision of a united and inclusive India.

The correct answer is - Potti Sriramulu

Key Points

• Potti Sriramulu
  • Potti Sriramulu was an Indian revolutionary known for his dedication to achieving statehood for Andhra Pradesh.
  • He fasted for 58 days, leading to his death on December 15, 1952, to demand the formation of a separate Andhra state for Telugu-speaking people.
  • His sacrifice ultimately resulted in the creation of the state of Andhra Pradesh in 1953.
  • This event highlighted the significance of regional identities and linguistic states in India.

Additional Information

• Formation of Linguistic States
  • The demand for linguistic states in India gained momentum after independence, with the Telugu-speaking people being one of the first to achieve statehood.
  • Potti Sriramulu's fast and subsequent death underscored the importance of linguistic identity in the Indian subcontinent.
  • The movement set a precedent that led to the reorganization of states on linguistic lines, culminating in the States Reorganization Act of 1956.
• Significance of Non-Violent Protests
  • Potti Sriramulu's fast was a form of non-violent protest, reminiscent of Mahatma Gandhi's methods during the Indian independence movement.
  • This approach highlighted the power of non-violent resistance and civil disobedience in achieving political and social goals.
• Impact on Indian Politics
  • The success of the Andhra movement encouraged other regions to demand statehood based on linguistic and cultural identities.
  • The creation of Andhra Pradesh marked a significant shift in Indian politics, emphasizing the need to consider regional aspirations and identities.

The correct answer is - Andhra Pradesh

Key Points

• Andhra Pradesh
  • Andhra Pradesh was the first state to be formed on a linguistic basis in India.
  • The state was officially created on 1st October 1953, after the Telugu-speaking areas were separated from the Madras State.
  • This formation was a result of the Vishalandhra Movement, which aimed at creating a separate state for Telugu-speaking people.

Additional Information

• States Reorganization Act, 1956
  • Post the creation of Andhra Pradesh, the States Reorganization Act was passed in 1956.
  • This act restructured the boundaries of India's states and territories, aligning them along linguistic lines.
  • It led to the creation of several new states and the reorganization of existing ones to better reflect linguistic demographics.
• Other States Formed on Linguistic Basis
  • Following Andhra Pradesh, states like Karnataka (formerly Mysore), Gujarat, and Kerala were also reorganized on linguistic lines.
  • This reorganization was aimed at reducing administrative challenges and ensuring better representation of linguistic communities.
• Impact of Linguistic Reorganization
  • The linguistic reorganization helped in promoting the cultural and linguistic identity of various regions.
  • It also aimed at ensuring administrative convenience by managing regions with a common language more effectively.

The correct answer is - Language

Key Points

• Language
  • The reorganization of Indian states post-independence was primarily based on linguistic criteria.
  • This decision was influenced by the belief that states formed on the basis of language would be more cohesive and administratively manageable.
  • The States Reorganization Act of 1956 was a significant legislative measure that led to the restructuring of states based on linguistic lines.
  • Key examples include the formation of states like Andhra Pradesh for Telugu speakers, Karnataka for Kannada speakers, and Kerala for Malayalam speakers.

Additional Information

• State Reorganization Commission (SRC)
  • The State Reorganization Commission was established in 1953 to recommend the reorganization of state boundaries.
  • The commission was chaired by Fazal Ali, and its other members included K. M. Panikkar and H. N. Kunzru.
  • The SRC's recommendations led to the creation of several new states and the alteration of boundaries of existing states.
• Impact of Linguistic Reorganization
  • The linguistic reorganization aimed to address the demands of various linguistic groups for autonomy and better governance.
  • It helped in reducing regional tensions and fostering a sense of unity among people who spoke the same language.
  • This reorganization also laid the foundation for federalism in India, promoting a balance between central and state powers.
• Historical Context
  • The demand for linguistic states began even before independence, with movements like the Telangana Movement in the 1940s.
  • Post-independence, the demand intensified, leading to the creation of Andhra State in 1953, which set a precedent for further reorganization.

The correct answer is - Division of powers between Centre and State

Key Points

• Division of powers between Centre and State
  • India's federalism is characterized by a division of powers between the Central government and the State governments.
  • This division ensures a balance of power and helps in accommodating the vast diversity of the country.
  • The Constitution of India clearly outlines the subjects under the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
  • This structure helps in addressing local needs effectively while maintaining national unity.

Additional Information

• Union List
  • Contains subjects of national importance such as defense, foreign affairs, and atomic energy.
  • The Central government has exclusive powers to legislate on these subjects.
• State List
  • Contains subjects of local or state importance such as police, public health, and agriculture.
  • State governments have exclusive powers to legislate on these subjects.
• Concurrent List
  • Contains subjects of joint interest to both the Centre and States such as education, forests, and trade unions.
  • Both Central and State governments can legislate on these subjects, but in case of conflict, the Central law prevails.

The correct answer is - Language

Key Points

• Language
  • The formation of Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, and Jharkhand was primarily driven by factors other than language.
  • These states were created to address specific needs and aspirations of the people in those regions, which were not centered around linguistic identity.
  • Unlike states such as Andhra Pradesh or Maharashtra, where language was a dominant factor in state formation, Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, and Jharkhand had different focal points.

Additional Information

• Tribal identity
  • Tribal identity was a significant factor in the formation of Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, which have a substantial tribal population.
  • The desire for greater autonomy and preservation of tribal culture and rights played a crucial role in the creation of these states.
• Regional deprivation
  • Regional deprivation and economic backwardness were key reasons behind the creation of these states.
  • People in these regions felt neglected in terms of development and resource allocation, leading to demands for separate statehood for better governance and development.
• Ecology
  • Ecological and geographical factors also played a part in the formation of these states.
  • The distinct ecological characteristics of these regions necessitated focused attention and management, which was difficult to achieve within larger states.

The correct answer is - Recognition of multiple identities

Key Points

• Recognition of multiple identities
  • The Indian Constitution acknowledges and respects the cultural, linguistic, and religious diversity of its people.
  • This recognition is reflected in various provisions such as:
    • Article 29: Protection of interests of minorities.
    • Article 30: Rights of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
  • By recognizing and protecting multiple identities, the Constitution promotes social harmony and national unity.

Additional Information

• Secularism
  • India is a secular state, which means that there is no official state religion.
  • All religions are treated equally, promoting a sense of inclusiveness among diverse religious groups.
• Federal Structure
  • India's federal structure allows for decentralization of power, giving states significant autonomy to govern themselves.
  • This helps in accommodating the diverse needs and aspirations of different regions.
• Fundamental Rights
  • The Constitution guarantees fundamental rights to all citizens, including the right to equality, freedom of speech, and protection against discrimination.
  • These rights ensure that every individual, irrespective of their background, is treated with dignity and respect.