Vaccines MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Vaccines - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Louis Pasteur created the first vaccines for Rabies, Cholera, and Anthrax.
• His work laid the foundation for the field of microbiology and immunology.
• The Rabies vaccine was developed in 1885 and was a major breakthrough in medical science.
• Pasteur's discoveries demonstrated the germ theory of disease and led to the development of techniques like pasteurization.

Important Points

• Rabies Vaccine: Louis Pasteur successfully treated a boy named Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog, using the first rabies vaccine.
• Cholera Vaccine: Pasteur developed the first vaccine for chicken cholera, an important step in understanding vaccines for bacterial diseases.
• Anthrax Vaccine: He created a vaccine for anthrax to protect livestock, demonstrating the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing bacterial infections.
• These discoveries proved that diseases could be prevented through vaccination, saving millions of lives globally.

Additional Information

• Rabies: Rabies is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and animals. It is usually transmitted through the bite of an infected animal.
• Cholera: Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It spreads through contaminated water and food, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.
• Anthrax: Anthrax is a bacterial infection caused by Bacillus anthracis. It affects both humans and animals and is often transmitted through spores from infected animals or animal products.
• Germ Theory of Disease: Louis Pasteur's germ theory postulated that microorganisms were the cause of many diseases. This theory revolutionized medicine and led to hygiene practices that reduced the spread of disease.
• Pasteurization: A process developed by Pasteur to kill harmful bacteria in food and drinks (like milk) through controlled heating, making them safe for consumption.

The correct answer is Only (i).

Key Points

• Covaxin is India's indigenous Covid-19 vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech.
• It is an inactivated vaccine developed using Whole-Virion Inactivated Vero Cell technology.
• Covaxin has been approved for emergency use in India and several other countries.
• It was developed in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Virology (NIV).

Important Points

• Covaxin has shown efficacy against Covid-19 variants, including Delta, according to clinical studies.
• It requires two doses administered 28 days apart for full efficacy.
• Bharat Biotech has also worked on expanding production facilities to meet demand.

Additional Information

• Option (ii): Covaxin is not an intranasal vaccine. Intranasal vaccines are administered through the nose, and Bharat Biotech has developed a separate intranasal vaccine called iNCOVACC.
• Option (iii): Covaxin is not developed by Serum Institute of India. The Serum Institute is responsible for producing Covishield, another Covid-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca and Oxford University.
• Intranasal Vaccines: These types of vaccines are designed to be administered through the nasal route and are considered beneficial for their ease of administration and ability to induce mucosal immunity.
• Serum Institute of India: A leading vaccine manufacturer based in Pune, India, known for producing Covishield, which has been widely used for Covid-19 immunization globally.

Key Points

• Measles-Rubella vaccine is administered to children aged 5 to 15 years as a part of routine immunization programs.
• Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that can cause serious complications, including death, in children.
• Rubella, also known as German measles, is a mild viral infection but can cause congenital defects in unborn babies if a pregnant woman is infected.
• The Measles-Rubella vaccine helps prevent these diseases and contributes to global efforts to eliminate them.

Additional Information

• Malaria: Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite and is transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. 
• Intravenous Polio Vaccine: Intravenous Polio Vaccine (IPV) is part of the polio eradication program and is given to children under the age of 5. 
• Diphtheria: Diphtheria is a bacterial infection that affects the throat and upper respiratory tract. Vaccination for diphtheria (DPT vaccine) is usually given to infants and young children.

The correct answer is DPT vaccine.

Key Points

• The DPT vaccine is a combined immunization shot that protects children against three serious infectious diseases: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus.
• Diphtheria is a bacterial infection affecting the mucous membranes of the throat and nose.
• Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease.
• Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a bacterial infection characterized by muscle spasms.
• The vaccine is typically administered in a series of injections starting from infancy.

Additional Information

• BCG vaccine
  • BCG stands for Bacillus Calmette–Guérin.
  • It is primarily used against tuberculosis (TB).
• TAB vaccine
  • The TAB vaccine is used to immunize against typhoid and paratyphoid fevers (also known as enteric fevers).
  • It contains killed bacteria of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and B.
• HIB vaccine
  • HIB stands for Haemophilus influenzae type b.
  • This vaccine prevents infections caused by the H. influenzae type b bacteria, including meningitis, pneumonia, and epiglottitis.

The correct answer is 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c.

Key Points

• Varicella Vaccine: Protect from Chickenpox
• MMR Vaccine: The vaccine protects against three diseases: measles, mumps, and rubella.
• Shingrix and Zostavax are vaccines used to prevent shingles, a painful rash caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus.
• BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) Vaccine is primarily used to protect against tuberculosis (TB).

Additional Information 

The correct answer is option 2

Key Points

• Live attenuated bacterial vaccines are vaccines that contain weakened or live bacteria that can cause disease.
• These vaccines are designed to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies against the bacteria, without causing the actual disease.
• The typhoid vaccine is an example of a live attenuated bacterial vaccine. It is made from a weakened strain of Salmonella typhi, the bacterium that causes typhoid fever. The vaccine is given orally, and it is about 80% effective in preventing typhoid fever.Hence option 2 is correct.
• Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, which is a spore-forming bacteria.
  • Anthrax vaccines are made from killed bacteria or from the bacteria's toxins.
• Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis, which is a bacterium.
• Plague vaccines are made from killed bacteria.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Louis Pasteur created the first vaccines for Rabies, Cholera, and Anthrax.
• His work laid the foundation for the field of microbiology and immunology.
• The Rabies vaccine was developed in 1885 and was a major breakthrough in medical science.
• Pasteur's discoveries demonstrated the germ theory of disease and led to the development of techniques like pasteurization.

Important Points

• Rabies Vaccine: Louis Pasteur successfully treated a boy named Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog, using the first rabies vaccine.
• Cholera Vaccine: Pasteur developed the first vaccine for chicken cholera, an important step in understanding vaccines for bacterial diseases.
• Anthrax Vaccine: He created a vaccine for anthrax to protect livestock, demonstrating the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing bacterial infections.
• These discoveries proved that diseases could be prevented through vaccination, saving millions of lives globally.

Additional Information

• Rabies: Rabies is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and animals. It is usually transmitted through the bite of an infected animal.
• Cholera: Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It spreads through contaminated water and food, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.
• Anthrax: Anthrax is a bacterial infection caused by Bacillus anthracis. It affects both humans and animals and is often transmitted through spores from infected animals or animal products.
• Germ Theory of Disease: Louis Pasteur's germ theory postulated that microorganisms were the cause of many diseases. This theory revolutionized medicine and led to hygiene practices that reduced the spread of disease.
• Pasteurization: A process developed by Pasteur to kill harmful bacteria in food and drinks (like milk) through controlled heating, making them safe for consumption.

The correct answer is Only (i).

Key Points

• Covaxin is India's indigenous Covid-19 vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech.
• It is an inactivated vaccine developed using Whole-Virion Inactivated Vero Cell technology.
• Covaxin has been approved for emergency use in India and several other countries.
• It was developed in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Virology (NIV).

Important Points

• Covaxin has shown efficacy against Covid-19 variants, including Delta, according to clinical studies.
• It requires two doses administered 28 days apart for full efficacy.
• Bharat Biotech has also worked on expanding production facilities to meet demand.

Additional Information

• Option (ii): Covaxin is not an intranasal vaccine. Intranasal vaccines are administered through the nose, and Bharat Biotech has developed a separate intranasal vaccine called iNCOVACC.
• Option (iii): Covaxin is not developed by Serum Institute of India. The Serum Institute is responsible for producing Covishield, another Covid-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca and Oxford University.
• Intranasal Vaccines: These types of vaccines are designed to be administered through the nasal route and are considered beneficial for their ease of administration and ability to induce mucosal immunity.
• Serum Institute of India: A leading vaccine manufacturer based in Pune, India, known for producing Covishield, which has been widely used for Covid-19 immunization globally.

The Correct Answer is Nuvaxovid

Key Points

• Nuvaxovid: As of my last update, there was no vaccine named "Nuvaxovid" being used for the prevention of Covid-19.
• Covovax: Covovax is the Novavax COVID-19 vaccine produced by the Serum Institute of India. Novavax's protein-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate NVX-CoV2373 is known as Covovax in India. The Novavax vaccine has shown strong results in clinical trials in providing protection against COVID-19.
• Moderna: Moderna's vaccine is one of the mRNA vaccines for COVID-19. This vaccine has shown high efficacy in clinical trials and has received emergency use authorization from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and many other global health regulatory bodies.
• None of the above: This option suggests all the options mentioned are Covid-19 vaccines, which, based on the information available up until September 2021, is not accurate given that Nuvaxovid was not recognized as a Covid-19 vaccine.

The correct answer is 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c.

Key Points

• Varicella Vaccine: Protect from Chickenpox
• MMR Vaccine: The vaccine protects against three diseases: measles, mumps, and rubella.
• Shingrix and Zostavax are vaccines used to prevent shingles, a painful rash caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus.
• BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) Vaccine is primarily used to protect against tuberculosis (TB).

Additional Information 

The correct answer is DPT vaccine.

Key Points

• The DPT vaccine is a combined immunization shot that protects children against three serious infectious diseases: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus.
• Diphtheria is a bacterial infection affecting the mucous membranes of the throat and nose.
• Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease.
• Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a bacterial infection characterized by muscle spasms.
• The vaccine is typically administered in a series of injections starting from infancy.

Additional Information

• BCG vaccine
  • BCG stands for Bacillus Calmette–Guérin.
  • It is primarily used against tuberculosis (TB).
• TAB vaccine
  • The TAB vaccine is used to immunize against typhoid and paratyphoid fevers (also known as enteric fevers).
  • It contains killed bacteria of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and B.
• HIB vaccine
  • HIB stands for Haemophilus influenzae type b.
  • This vaccine prevents infections caused by the H. influenzae type b bacteria, including meningitis, pneumonia, and epiglottitis.

Key Points

• For high vaccine coverage and a decrease in the prevalence of diseases that can be prevented by vaccination, effective control methods in immunisation programmes are essential.
• A greater number of individuals will have access to vaccines and will receive the advised number of doses if these programmes are properly controlled and managed.
• Greater defence against infectious diseases for people and communities results from this, enhancing public health outcomes.
• Clear distribution standards for vaccines, effective systems for monitoring vaccine coverage, and robust public education campaigns about the value of immunisation are a few examples of effective control techniques in immunisation programmes.
• These steps can be taken by immunisation programmes to guarantee that everyone gets access to life-saving vaccines and is protected against diseases that can be avoided.
• High vaccine coverage and a decrease in vaccine-preventable diseases depend on efficient control and management of immunisation programmes.
• To guarantee access to vaccines and improved public health outcomes, it's crucial to establish clear standards for vaccine distribution, monitor vaccine coverage, and educate the public about the value of immunisation.

The correct answer is option 2

Key Points

• Live attenuated bacterial vaccines are vaccines that contain weakened or live bacteria that can cause disease.
• These vaccines are designed to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies against the bacteria, without causing the actual disease.
• The typhoid vaccine is an example of a live attenuated bacterial vaccine. It is made from a weakened strain of Salmonella typhi, the bacterium that causes typhoid fever. The vaccine is given orally, and it is about 80% effective in preventing typhoid fever.Hence option 2 is correct.
• Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis, which is a spore-forming bacteria.
  • Anthrax vaccines are made from killed bacteria or from the bacteria's toxins.
• Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis, which is a bacterium.
• Plague vaccines are made from killed bacteria.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Louis Pasteur created the first vaccines for Rabies, Cholera, and Anthrax.
• His work laid the foundation for the field of microbiology and immunology.
• The Rabies vaccine was developed in 1885 and was a major breakthrough in medical science.
• Pasteur's discoveries demonstrated the germ theory of disease and led to the development of techniques like pasteurization.

Important Points

• Rabies Vaccine: Louis Pasteur successfully treated a boy named Joseph Meister who had been bitten by a rabid dog, using the first rabies vaccine.
• Cholera Vaccine: Pasteur developed the first vaccine for chicken cholera, an important step in understanding vaccines for bacterial diseases.
• Anthrax Vaccine: He created a vaccine for anthrax to protect livestock, demonstrating the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing bacterial infections.
• These discoveries proved that diseases could be prevented through vaccination, saving millions of lives globally.

Additional Information

• Rabies: Rabies is a viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and animals. It is usually transmitted through the bite of an infected animal.
• Cholera: Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It spreads through contaminated water and food, leading to severe diarrhea and dehydration.
• Anthrax: Anthrax is a bacterial infection caused by Bacillus anthracis. It affects both humans and animals and is often transmitted through spores from infected animals or animal products.
• Germ Theory of Disease: Louis Pasteur's germ theory postulated that microorganisms were the cause of many diseases. This theory revolutionized medicine and led to hygiene practices that reduced the spread of disease.
• Pasteurization: A process developed by Pasteur to kill harmful bacteria in food and drinks (like milk) through controlled heating, making them safe for consumption.

The correct answer is Only (i).

Key Points

• Covaxin is India's indigenous Covid-19 vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech.
• It is an inactivated vaccine developed using Whole-Virion Inactivated Vero Cell technology.
• Covaxin has been approved for emergency use in India and several other countries.
• It was developed in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Virology (NIV).

Important Points

• Covaxin has shown efficacy against Covid-19 variants, including Delta, according to clinical studies.
• It requires two doses administered 28 days apart for full efficacy.
• Bharat Biotech has also worked on expanding production facilities to meet demand.

Additional Information

• Option (ii): Covaxin is not an intranasal vaccine. Intranasal vaccines are administered through the nose, and Bharat Biotech has developed a separate intranasal vaccine called iNCOVACC.
• Option (iii): Covaxin is not developed by Serum Institute of India. The Serum Institute is responsible for producing Covishield, another Covid-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca and Oxford University.
• Intranasal Vaccines: These types of vaccines are designed to be administered through the nasal route and are considered beneficial for their ease of administration and ability to induce mucosal immunity.
• Serum Institute of India: A leading vaccine manufacturer based in Pune, India, known for producing Covishield, which has been widely used for Covid-19 immunization globally.