Mughal Rulers MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Mughal Rulers - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Babar.

Key Points

• Babar, the founder of the Mughal Empire in India, fought the Battle of Khanwa.
• The battle took place on March 16, 1527, near the village of Khanwa in present-day Rajasthan.
• Babar fought against Rana Sanga of Mewar, who was leading a Rajput confederacy.
• The battle was crucial as it consolidated Babar's position in India after his initial victory at the Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Additional Information

• Rana Sanga was a prominent Rajput ruler who sought to stop Mughal expansion in India.
• The Battle of Khanwa was part of Babar's strategy to establish a stronghold in northern India and deter any future threats from Rajput rulers.
• Babar employed the use of Tulugma (encircling tactics) and artillery, which played a significant role in his victory.
• After the Battle of Khanwa, Babar assumed the title of “Ghazi” (a champion of Islam) as a mark of his victory over the Rajput confederacy.
• Babar's memoirs, Baburnama, provide a detailed account of the battle and his tactics.

The correct answer is Man Singh.

Key Points

• Man Singh was a prominent Rajput leader and one of the trusted generals of Emperor Akbar who held the high-ranking Mansab of 7000 during Akbar's reign.
• After Jahangir ascended the throne, he reduced the Mansab of Man Singh from 7000 to 5000 due to political reasons and reorganization of Mughal administration.
• Man Singh played a crucial role in Mughal conquests and administration, especially in the regions of Bengal and Orissa.
• The reduction of Mansab under Jahangir indicated the shifting dynamics of Mughal-Rajput relations during the early 17th century.
• Mansabdar system was a key administrative mechanism in the Mughal Empire to rank and remunerate officials based on their military and administrative contributions.

Additional Information

• Mansabdari System
  • The Mansabdari system was introduced by Akbar to organize the Mughal administration and military hierarchy.
  • It classified officials into ranks called Mansabs, which determined their status, salary, and number of troops they could command.
  • Mansabs ranged from 10 to 10,000, with higher ranks reserved for nobles and military leaders.
  • Mansabdars were required to maintain a specified number of troops and horses for imperial service.
• Jahangir's Administrative Reforms
  • Jahangir introduced several reforms aimed at consolidating his authority and ensuring efficient governance.
  • He focused on justice and is famously known for installing the "Chain of Justice" at Agra for public grievance redressal.
  • The reduction in Mansabs of certain officials reflected Jahangir's intent to reorganize the Mughal bureaucracy.
• Rajput-Mughal Relations
  • Rajput leaders like Man Singh played a significant role in strengthening Mughal rule through their loyalty and contributions.
  • Akbar fostered alliances with Rajputs through marital ties and administrative partnerships, creating a stable empire.
  • During Jahangir's reign, tensions arose occasionally, but Rajputs continued to play a crucial role in the empire's expansion and governance.
• Historical Context
  • Man Singh’s reduced Mansab under Jahangir was part of broader administrative adjustments, reflecting the evolving power dynamics within the Mughal Empire.
  • Such changes highlighted the imperial strategy of balancing loyalty, merit, and central control in governance.

The correct answer is Babar.

Key Points

• Babar, the founder of the Mughal Empire in India, fought the Battle of Khanwa.
• The battle took place on March 16, 1527, near the village of Khanwa in present-day Rajasthan.
• Babar fought against Rana Sanga of Mewar, who was leading a Rajput confederacy.
• The battle was crucial as it consolidated Babar's position in India after his initial victory at the Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Additional Information

• Rana Sanga was a prominent Rajput ruler who sought to stop Mughal expansion in India.
• The Battle of Khanwa was part of Babar's strategy to establish a stronghold in northern India and deter any future threats from Rajput rulers.
• Babar employed the use of Tulugma (encircling tactics) and artillery, which played a significant role in his victory.
• After the Battle of Khanwa, Babar assumed the title of “Ghazi” (a champion of Islam) as a mark of his victory over the Rajput confederacy.
• Babar's memoirs, Baburnama, provide a detailed account of the battle and his tactics.

The correct answer is Reign of Akbar.

Key Points

• Akbar, also known as Akbar the Great, reigned from 1556 to 1605.
• He is considered one of the greatest emperors of the Mughal Dynasty in India.
• Akbar is noted for his military prowess and administrative capabilities.
• He expanded the Mughal Empire to cover most of the Indian subcontinent.
• Akbar implemented several significant policies, including the policy of Sulh-i-Kul which promoted religious tolerance.
• He established a centralized administrative structure and introduced a new revenue system known as the Zabt system.
• Akbar also patronized arts and culture, leading to a flourishing of Mughal architecture, literature, and painting.

 Additional Information

• Reign of Jahangir
  • Jahangir was the son of Akbar and reigned from 1605 to 1627.
  • His reign is known for the further consolidation of the Mughal Empire and the continuation of Akbar's policies.
  • Jahangir was also known for his love of art and the development of Mughal painting.
• Reign of Aurangzeb
  • Aurangzeb ruled from 1658 to 1707 and is known for his expansionist policies.
  • He was a controversial ruler due to his strict adherence to Islamic principles and the imposition of Sharia law.
  • Aurangzeb's reign marked the peak of the Mughal Empire's territorial expansion.
• Reign of Shah Jahan
  • Shah Jahan reigned from 1628 to 1658 and is best known for his architectural achievements.
  • He commissioned the construction of the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
  • Shah Jahan's reign is often referred to as the golden age of Mughal architecture.

The correct answer is Bahadur Shah II.

Key Points

• Bahadur Shah II, also known as Bahadur Shah Zafar, was the last Mughal emperor of India.
• He reigned from 28 September 1837 to 21 September 1857.
• Bahadur Shah II was a nominal figurehead during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against the British East India Company.
• After the rebellion, he was captured by the British and exiled to Rangoon, Burma (now Yangon, Myanmar), where he died in 1862.

Additional Information

• Indian Rebellion of 1857:
  • Also known as the First War of Indian Independence, it was a major, but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising in India against the rule of the British East India Company.
  • The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the form of a mutiny of sepoys of the Company's army in the garrison town of Meerut.
  • The rebellion posed a considerable threat to Company power in that region and led to the dissolution of the British East India Company.
• Exile of Bahadur Shah II:
  • After the suppression of the rebellion, Bahadur Shah II was tried by the British for treason and found guilty.
  • He was exiled to Rangoon, Burma, in 1858, where he lived out the rest of his life.
  • He died in Rangoon on 7 November 1862.
• Literary Contributions:
  • Bahadur Shah II was also a notable Urdu poet and patron of the arts.
  • He wrote several ghazals and his works are considered a significant part of Urdu literature.
• End of the Mughal Empire:
  • The capture and exile of Bahadur Shah II marked the definitive end of the Mughal Empire.
  • The British formally abolished the Mughal Empire and established direct control over India, leading to the British Raj.

The correct answer is Sher Shah.

Key Points

• The Battle of Chausa took place in June 1539.
• Battle of Chausa
  • This battle was fought between Humayun and Farid Khan (Sher Shah Suri) on 26th June 1539.
  • Chausa is located in Buxar, Bihar.
  • Humayun was defeated in this battle.
  • After this battle, Humayun flee to Iran, where he spent 12 years of his life in exile.
  • After this battle, Farid Khan accepted the title of Sher Shah (Farīd al-Dīn Shēr Shah) as emperor.

Important Points

The correct answer is Ahmednagar.

Key Points

• Malik Ambar was an able administrator of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate.
• He hailed from the Deccan region of India.
• Malik Ambar played a significant role in resisting the Mughal incursions into the Deccan region during his tenure.
• Notably, despite being sold as a slave and brought to India in his youth, he rose to substantial power and influence.
• He is known for his military and administrative skills, which were instrumental in his successful resistance against the Mughals.
• His strategic prowess earned him significant recognition and his leadership was a key factor in keeping the Ahmednagar Sultanate independent for as long as it was.

The correct answer is Both I and II

Key Points:

Sher Shah Suri:

• Sher Shah Suri was the 6th ruler of the Suri Empire.
• He was a Pathan from Bihar who defeated the Mughal emperor Humayun in (1530-1540) and also in (1555-1556) and founded the Suri Empire in Northern India.​
• He ruled from 1540-1545.
• The tomb of Sher Shah Suri is in Sasaram town, state of Bihar.
• The "Battle of Chausa" was fought between the Mughal emperor, Humayun, and the Afghan emperor Sher Shah Suri.
• It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, located in the southwest of Buxar, now in Bihar.
• In this battle, Sher Shah defeated Humayun and crowned himself Farid al-Din Sher Shah.
• The Mughal emperor Humayan again faced Sher Shah in the Battle of Kanauj and was again defeated by him.

Akbar (1542- 1605)

• He reigned from 1556 to 1605.
• He constructed Fatehpur Sikri and made it his capital in 1569.
• Buland Darwaza was constructed at the gate.
• He started a new religion Din-i Ilahi in 1581-82.
• Abul Fazl wrote his biography titled Akbarnama.
• Nine of his courtiers were known as Navratnas.
  • They were Todar Mal, Abul Fazal, Faizi, Birbal, Tansen, Abdur Rahim Khana-i-Khana, Mullah-do-Pyaza, Raja Man Singh, and Fakir Aziao-Din.
• He married a Hindu princess, Harka Bai, commonly known as Jodha Bai.
• Akbar captured the historic fortress of Chittor in 1568.
• He abolished the pilgrimage tax by Hindus in 1563.
• He also abolished the Jizyah tax in 1564.
• He also introduced the Mansabdari System or the rank-holder system to organize the nobility and army.

The correct answer is Babar.

Key Points

• Babar, the founder of the Mughal Empire in India, fought the Battle of Khanwa.
• The battle took place on March 16, 1527, near the village of Khanwa in present-day Rajasthan.
• Babar fought against Rana Sanga of Mewar, who was leading a Rajput confederacy.
• The battle was crucial as it consolidated Babar's position in India after his initial victory at the Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Additional Information

• Rana Sanga was a prominent Rajput ruler who sought to stop Mughal expansion in India.
• The Battle of Khanwa was part of Babar's strategy to establish a stronghold in northern India and deter any future threats from Rajput rulers.
• Babar employed the use of Tulugma (encircling tactics) and artillery, which played a significant role in his victory.
• After the Battle of Khanwa, Babar assumed the title of “Ghazi” (a champion of Islam) as a mark of his victory over the Rajput confederacy.
• Babar's memoirs, Baburnama, provide a detailed account of the battle and his tactics.

The correct answer is Man Singh.

Key Points

• Man Singh was a prominent Rajput leader and one of the trusted generals of Emperor Akbar who held the high-ranking Mansab of 7000 during Akbar's reign.
• After Jahangir ascended the throne, he reduced the Mansab of Man Singh from 7000 to 5000 due to political reasons and reorganization of Mughal administration.
• Man Singh played a crucial role in Mughal conquests and administration, especially in the regions of Bengal and Orissa.
• The reduction of Mansab under Jahangir indicated the shifting dynamics of Mughal-Rajput relations during the early 17th century.
• Mansabdar system was a key administrative mechanism in the Mughal Empire to rank and remunerate officials based on their military and administrative contributions.

Additional Information

• Mansabdari System
  • The Mansabdari system was introduced by Akbar to organize the Mughal administration and military hierarchy.
  • It classified officials into ranks called Mansabs, which determined their status, salary, and number of troops they could command.
  • Mansabs ranged from 10 to 10,000, with higher ranks reserved for nobles and military leaders.
  • Mansabdars were required to maintain a specified number of troops and horses for imperial service.
• Jahangir's Administrative Reforms
  • Jahangir introduced several reforms aimed at consolidating his authority and ensuring efficient governance.
  • He focused on justice and is famously known for installing the "Chain of Justice" at Agra for public grievance redressal.
  • The reduction in Mansabs of certain officials reflected Jahangir's intent to reorganize the Mughal bureaucracy.
• Rajput-Mughal Relations
  • Rajput leaders like Man Singh played a significant role in strengthening Mughal rule through their loyalty and contributions.
  • Akbar fostered alliances with Rajputs through marital ties and administrative partnerships, creating a stable empire.
  • During Jahangir's reign, tensions arose occasionally, but Rajputs continued to play a crucial role in the empire's expansion and governance.
• Historical Context
  • Man Singh’s reduced Mansab under Jahangir was part of broader administrative adjustments, reflecting the evolving power dynamics within the Mughal Empire.
  • Such changes highlighted the imperial strategy of balancing loyalty, merit, and central control in governance.

The correct answer is Reign of Akbar.

Key Points

• Akbar, also known as Akbar the Great, reigned from 1556 to 1605.
• He is considered one of the greatest emperors of the Mughal Dynasty in India.
• Akbar is noted for his military prowess and administrative capabilities.
• He expanded the Mughal Empire to cover most of the Indian subcontinent.
• Akbar implemented several significant policies, including the policy of Sulh-i-Kul which promoted religious tolerance.
• He established a centralized administrative structure and introduced a new revenue system known as the Zabt system.
• Akbar also patronized arts and culture, leading to a flourishing of Mughal architecture, literature, and painting.

 Additional Information

• Reign of Jahangir
  • Jahangir was the son of Akbar and reigned from 1605 to 1627.
  • His reign is known for the further consolidation of the Mughal Empire and the continuation of Akbar's policies.
  • Jahangir was also known for his love of art and the development of Mughal painting.
• Reign of Aurangzeb
  • Aurangzeb ruled from 1658 to 1707 and is known for his expansionist policies.
  • He was a controversial ruler due to his strict adherence to Islamic principles and the imposition of Sharia law.
  • Aurangzeb's reign marked the peak of the Mughal Empire's territorial expansion.
• Reign of Shah Jahan
  • Shah Jahan reigned from 1628 to 1658 and is best known for his architectural achievements.
  • He commissioned the construction of the Taj Mahal in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
  • Shah Jahan's reign is often referred to as the golden age of Mughal architecture.

The correct answer is Bahadur Shah II.

Key Points

• Bahadur Shah II, also known as Bahadur Shah Zafar, was the last Mughal emperor of India.
• He reigned from 28 September 1837 to 21 September 1857.
• Bahadur Shah II was a nominal figurehead during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 against the British East India Company.
• After the rebellion, he was captured by the British and exiled to Rangoon, Burma (now Yangon, Myanmar), where he died in 1862.

Additional Information

• Indian Rebellion of 1857:
  • Also known as the First War of Indian Independence, it was a major, but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising in India against the rule of the British East India Company.
  • The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the form of a mutiny of sepoys of the Company's army in the garrison town of Meerut.
  • The rebellion posed a considerable threat to Company power in that region and led to the dissolution of the British East India Company.
• Exile of Bahadur Shah II:
  • After the suppression of the rebellion, Bahadur Shah II was tried by the British for treason and found guilty.
  • He was exiled to Rangoon, Burma, in 1858, where he lived out the rest of his life.
  • He died in Rangoon on 7 November 1862.
• Literary Contributions:
  • Bahadur Shah II was also a notable Urdu poet and patron of the arts.
  • He wrote several ghazals and his works are considered a significant part of Urdu literature.
• End of the Mughal Empire:
  • The capture and exile of Bahadur Shah II marked the definitive end of the Mughal Empire.
  • The British formally abolished the Mughal Empire and established direct control over India, leading to the British Raj.

The correct answer is Sher Shah.

Key Points

• The Battle of Chausa took place in June 1539.
• Battle of Chausa
  • This battle was fought between Humayun and Farid Khan (Sher Shah Suri) on 26th June 1539.
  • Chausa is located in Buxar, Bihar.
  • Humayun was defeated in this battle.
  • After this battle, Humayun flee to Iran, where he spent 12 years of his life in exile.
  • After this battle, Farid Khan accepted the title of Sher Shah (Farīd al-Dīn Shēr Shah) as emperor.

Important Points

The correct answer is Ahmednagar.

Key Points

• Malik Ambar was an able administrator of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate.
• He hailed from the Deccan region of India.
• Malik Ambar played a significant role in resisting the Mughal incursions into the Deccan region during his tenure.
• Notably, despite being sold as a slave and brought to India in his youth, he rose to substantial power and influence.
• He is known for his military and administrative skills, which were instrumental in his successful resistance against the Mughals.
• His strategic prowess earned him significant recognition and his leadership was a key factor in keeping the Ahmednagar Sultanate independent for as long as it was.

The correct answer is Both I and II

Key Points:

Sher Shah Suri:

• Sher Shah Suri was the 6th ruler of the Suri Empire.
• He was a Pathan from Bihar who defeated the Mughal emperor Humayun in (1530-1540) and also in (1555-1556) and founded the Suri Empire in Northern India.​
• He ruled from 1540-1545.
• The tomb of Sher Shah Suri is in Sasaram town, state of Bihar.
• The "Battle of Chausa" was fought between the Mughal emperor, Humayun, and the Afghan emperor Sher Shah Suri.
• It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, located in the southwest of Buxar, now in Bihar.
• In this battle, Sher Shah defeated Humayun and crowned himself Farid al-Din Sher Shah.
• The Mughal emperor Humayan again faced Sher Shah in the Battle of Kanauj and was again defeated by him.

Akbar (1542- 1605)

• He reigned from 1556 to 1605.
• He constructed Fatehpur Sikri and made it his capital in 1569.
• Buland Darwaza was constructed at the gate.
• He started a new religion Din-i Ilahi in 1581-82.
• Abul Fazl wrote his biography titled Akbarnama.
• Nine of his courtiers were known as Navratnas.
  • They were Todar Mal, Abul Fazal, Faizi, Birbal, Tansen, Abdur Rahim Khana-i-Khana, Mullah-do-Pyaza, Raja Man Singh, and Fakir Aziao-Din.
• He married a Hindu princess, Harka Bai, commonly known as Jodha Bai.
• Akbar captured the historic fortress of Chittor in 1568.
• He abolished the pilgrimage tax by Hindus in 1563.
• He also abolished the Jizyah tax in 1564.
• He also introduced the Mansabdari System or the rank-holder system to organize the nobility and army.