LAN Technologies MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for LAN Technologies - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is: 2) The internet

Explanation:
A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a type of network that spans a large geographical area, often a country or even the globe, and connects multiple smaller networks like LANs and MANs.

Options Analysis
1) A home Wi-Fi network → This is a Local Area Network (LAN), limited to a small area like a house.

3) A Bluetooth connection → This is a Personal Area Network (PAN), with a very short range.

4) A local office network → Again, this is a LAN, restricted to an office building or floor.

The correct answer is CSMA/CA.

Key Points

• CSMA/CA stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance.
• It is a network multiple access method used in IEEE 802.11 wireless network standards.
• CSMA/CA helps prevent collisions by using a technique where each device listens to the channel before transmitting data.
• If the channel is clear, the device sends a signal indicating its intent to transmit, then waits for an acknowledgment before actually sending the data.
• This method reduces the chances of collision and improves the reliability of data transmission in wireless networks.

Additional Information

• CSMA/CA is different from CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection), which is used in wired Ethernet networks.
• In CSMA/CD, devices detect collisions after they occur and take steps to resolve them, while CSMA/CA aims to avoid collisions before they happen.
• IEEE 802.11 includes several amendments such as 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, etc., all of which use CSMA/CA as the multiple access technique.
• Other multiple access techniques like CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) and ALOHA are used in different networking standards and have different mechanisms for handling multiple access.

The correct answer is Jam signal.

Key Points

• In CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection), when a station detects a collision, it stops its transmission immediately and sends a Jam signal to inform other stations about the collision.
• This Jam signal ensures that all other stations are aware that the data sent during the collision is corrupted and should be discarded.
• After sending the Jam signal, the station waits for a random amount of time before attempting to retransmit the data to avoid further collisions.
• This random delay is determined by the exponential backoff algorithm, which helps to minimize the chances of repeated collisions.

Additional Information

• CSMA/CD is a network protocol used in Ethernet networks to control access to the shared medium.
• The Jam signal is typically 32 bits long and helps to ensure that the collision is detected by all stations in the network.
• CSMA/CD is primarily used in half-duplex Ethernet networks, where simultaneous transmission and reception of data are not possible.
• In modern full-duplex Ethernet networks, CSMA/CD is not used since the devices can transmit and receive data simultaneously, eliminating collisions.

Explanation:

Local Area Network (LAN):

Definition: A Local Area Network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, or office building. A LAN is useful for sharing resources like files, printers, games, or other applications. It typically consists of interconnected devices like computers, servers, and printers, which communicate with each other using network protocols.

Advantages of LAN:

• High data transmission rates: LANs offer high data transfer speeds, making them suitable for environments where quick data access and transfer are critical.
• Cost-effective resource sharing: Devices such as printers and storage can be shared among multiple users, reducing the need for individual hardware for each user.
• Improved communication: LANs facilitate better communication and collaboration among users through file sharing, instant messaging, and other collaborative tools.
• Centralized data management: Data can be centrally stored and managed, making it easier to back up, secure, and maintain.

Disadvantages of LAN:

• Security issues: If the central server or network security is not properly configured, LANs can be vulnerable to unauthorized access, data breaches, and other security threats.
• High initial setup cost: Setting up a LAN involves the cost of network infrastructure, such as cables, switches, routers, and network cards. Additionally, there might be costs associated with network configuration and management.
• Size limitations: LANs are limited by the physical area they can cover. While LANs are suitable for small areas, they are not designed to cover large geographic areas, which would require a Wide Area Network (WAN).
• Maintenance and management: Ongoing maintenance and management of the network infrastructure can be resource-intensive, requiring skilled personnel to handle network issues, updates, and security measures.

Correct Option Analysis:

The correct option is:

Option 2: It has high data transmission rates.

This option is the correct answer because high data transmission rates are actually an advantage of LANs, not a disadvantage. LANs are designed to provide fast and reliable data transfer within a limited area, which is one of their key benefits. High data transmission rates ensure efficient communication and resource sharing among connected devices.

Additional Information

To further understand the analysis, let’s evaluate the other options:

Option 1: It can face security issues if the central server is not properly secured.

This is a valid disadvantage of LANs. Security is a significant concern in any network, and if the central server or network security measures are not adequately implemented, it can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, and other security threats.

Option 3: It has a high initial setup cost.

This is also a disadvantage of LANs. The initial setup cost of a LAN can be high due to the cost of network infrastructure, such as cables, switches, routers, and network cards, as well as the cost of configuration and management.

Option 4: It restricts the size of the network.

This is another disadvantage of LANs. LANs are designed to cover a limited geographic area, such as a single building or a campus. They are not suitable for covering large geographic areas, which would require a Wide Area Network (WAN).

Conclusion:

Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of LANs is essential for effectively implementing and managing them. While LANs offer high data transmission rates, cost-effective resource sharing, improved communication, and centralized data management, they also come with challenges such as security issues, high initial setup costs, size limitations, and ongoing maintenance requirements. Recognizing these factors can help in making informed decisions about the deployment and management of LANs in various environments.

The correct answer is 2

Explanation:

Data:

Length of packet = L = 10,000 bits

Bandwidth = BW = 500 Mbps = 500 × 106 bps

Velocity = V = 2,00,000 km/s = 2 × 105 km/s

d → length of cable

Tp → propagation time

Tt → transmission time

Formula:

For CSMA/CD,

\({T_t} \ge 2 \times {T_p}\)

\(\frac{L}{{BW}} \ge 2 \times \frac{d}{V}\)

\(d \le \frac{{L \times V}}{{2 \times BW}}\)

Calculation:

\(d \le \frac{{10,000 \times 2 \times {{10}^5}\;}}{{2 \times 500\; \times {\rm{\;}}{{10}^6}}}\)

\(\;d \le 2\;km\)

\({d_{max}} = \;2\;km\)

LAN Topology contains Bus, star, and rings.

Key Points

A star topology is a topology for a Local Area Network (LAN) in which all nodes are individually connected to a central connection point, like a hub or a switch.

In networking a bus is the central cable i.e. the main wire that connects all devices on a local area network (LAN).

A ring topology is a topology for a Local Area Network (LAN) in which every device has exactly two ​neighbors for communication purposes.

The correct option is (1)

Bus Topology

Concept:-

Bus topology is used with Ethernet. The most used network topology is this one. Bus and star topologies, as well as coax, twisted-pair, or fibre optic cable, are options.

Key Points

• The topology of the Ethernet is a logical bus. The MAC address is used to identify every component on the network, which uses the same medium.
• Ethernet is the common name for the IEEE 802.3 standard. It is a decentralized bus-based broadcast network.
• Computers are connected linearly via a bus topology using one or more cables. A "bus network" is a network that utilizes a bus topology; these networks were the precursors to Ethernet networks.

Additional Information Star topology:- A local area network (LAN) topology known as a star topology has each node individually connected to a hub or switch as the primary connection point.

Tree topology:- In this topology, each branch has a Star Network, which has as its primary structure a bus backbone wire.

Mesh topology:- There is no central connection point in a mesh structure. Instead, each node is linked to at least one additional node and frequently to multiple others.

Answer: Option 4

Concept: 

LAN Technologies: 

In LAN technology, There are several technologies such as Ethernet, Token Ring, Token Bus, FDDI ( Fiber Distributed Data Interface ), and ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode). Some of these technologies survived for a while, but Ethernet is by far the dominant technology.

1. Ethernet: 

The original Ethernet was created in 1976 at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC).
Since then It has gone through four generations: 
a. Standard Ethernet (10 Mbps)
b. Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps)
c. Gigabit Ethernet (1 Gbps)
d. Ten-Gigabit Ethernet (10 Gbps)

Explanation: 

• LAN works on physical and data link layers.
• The physical layer defines the means of transmitting raw bits over a physical data link connecting network nodes.
• The data link layer is the protocol layer in a program that handles the moving of data into and out of a physical link in a network.

The correct option is (4)

WAN

Concept:-

Office LANs that are spread geographically apart on a large scale can be connected using a corporate Wide Area Network(WAN)

Key Points

•  A wide area network (also known as WAN), is a large network of information that is not tied to a single location.
• Through a WAN provider, WANs can enable communication, information sharing, and much more between devices located all over the world.
• It is a significant computer network that spans a sizable area of land. The majority of wide area networks are built using top-tier telecommunications channels.
• A WAN network system could be a LAN link that communicates with other LANs via radio waves and telephone lines.

Additional InformationLAN:- A local area network is a collection of computers and related peripherals that are linked together in a constrained space, like a classroom, lab, house, or office building.

The Correct Answer is Option 1 i.e Wireless Local Area Network.

• WLAN:
  • It stands for "Wireless Local Area Network".
  • It is a wireless computer network that allows devices to connect and communicate wirelessly within a limited area.
  • It is also referred to as LAWN (local area wireless network).
  • WLANs use radio waves.

In half-duplex, only one party transmits at a time, because both parties transmit and receive on the same frequency.

Full-duplex data transmission means that data can be transmitted in both directions on a signal carrier at the same time.

The correct answer is option 2): 5

Concept:

• Mesh topology is a type of network topology in which all devices in the network are interconnected. In a mesh topology, data can be transmitted by routing (sent the shortest distance) and flooding (sent to all devices). The two types of mesh topology are Full mesh topology.
• Full mesh topology. Every device in the network is connected to all other devices. A full mesh offers high levels of redundancy but is expensive to implement. As such, it’s typically used for network backbones.
• Partial mesh topology. Only some of the devices in the network are connected to multiple other devices. A partial mesh is more practical and cost-effective than a full mesh and is more widely used.
• The number of devices connected per device = n-1, so the number of ports per device = n-1.

Calculation:

Given

n = 6

The number of ports per device = n-1

= 5

The correct option is (1)

LAN

Concept:-

Ethernet is the most popular LAN technology in use. It provides a framework for data transmission. 

Key Points

• Data can be transmitted over a regular Ethernet network at up to 10 Megabits per second (10 Mbps). Because it provides an excellent mix between speed, cost, and ease of installation, Ethernet is widely used.
• Ethernet is still a widely used type of network connection and is used to connect devices in a network. Ethernet is utilized for local networks because of its high speed, security, and reliability in places like company offices, college campuses, and hospitals.
• Local area networks (LAN) are primarily built using Ethernet, a standard communication protocol. Through cables, it sends and receives data.

Additional Information LAN:- A local area network (LAN) is a private network that links computers and other gadgets in a constrained space, such as a home, workplace, edifice, or campus.

MAN:- A network that is bigger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN is called a metropolitan area network (MAN). It typically consists of networked connections that provide access to the Internet and are located within a city.

WAN:- A computer network known as a wide area network (WAN) spans a huge geographic area, such as a whole country, continent, or even the entire world.

The correct option is 48 bits.

CONCPET:

The MAC address is a unique 12-digit hexadecimal numbers (48 bits in length) hardware address associated with a network adapter card, which is engraved on NIC at the time of manufacturing.

They can be physically identified on the network using its MAC address is a permanent address and cannot be changed under any circumstances it means two devices cannot have the same MAC address.

It is 12-digit hexadecimal numbers (48 bits in length) format on each device and is represented by Colon-Hexadecimal notation.

Example: 00:0b:45:9e:87:46.