Bill/Acts/Amendments MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Bill/Acts/Amendments - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920.

Key Points

• The Criminal Procedure (Identification) Bill, 2022 seeks to replace the Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920, which is over a century old.
• The 1920 Act allowed for the collection of only limited data such as fingerprints and footprint impressions of certain convicted individuals.
• The new Bill proposes the collection of a wider range of data, including biological samples, retina scans, and behavioral attributes like handwriting and signatures.
• It aims to modernize the process of identifying individuals involved in criminal activities, enhancing the efficiency of the criminal justice system.
• The Bill includes provisions for taking such measurements not only from convicted persons but also from arrested individuals and other persons in custody under certain conditions.

Additional Information

• Scope of the Bill: The Bill expands the scope of data collection to include physical, biological, and behavioral data, ensuring a more comprehensive identification process.
• Implementation Authority: The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) is tasked with collecting, storing, and preserving the measurements and sharing them with law enforcement agencies.
• Legal Safeguards: The Bill provides safeguards to prevent misuse of data, including the destruction of collected data after a prescribed period or upon acquittal of the individual.
• Criticism and Concerns: Critics have raised concerns about privacy and potential misuse of sensitive personal data, citing the lack of robust data protection laws in India.
• Global Practices: Countries like the US and UK also collect extensive biometric data for criminal investigations, but such practices are often accompanied by strict data protection frameworks.

The correct answer is 120 days.

Key Points

• After the amendments to the Financial Bill in 2020, an individual is classified as a Non-Resident Indian (NRI) for tax purposes if their stay in India is less than 120 days during the financial year.
• Previously, the threshold for determining NRI status was 182 days, but this was revised to 120 days to prevent tax evasion by high-net-worth individuals.
• This amendment applies to individuals whose total income, excluding foreign income, exceeds ₹15 lakh during the financial year.
• The change was introduced to align residency rules with international taxation standards and ensure that individuals contributing significant income in India are taxed appropriately.
• Such individuals are taxed only on income earned or accrued in India, safeguarding their foreign earnings from Indian taxation.

Additional Information

• Non-Resident Indian (NRI): An NRI is an Indian citizen residing outside India for employment, business, or other purposes, or stays outside India for an uncertain duration.
• Financial Bill 2020 Amendments: These amendments aim to streamline tax residency criteria and eliminate loopholes that enable tax avoidance.
• Tax Residency in India: Individuals are categorized as "resident" or "non-resident" based on the duration of their stay in India during the financial year.
• ₹15 lakh Threshold: This income limit applies to the revised residency rules; individuals earning below this threshold remain unaffected by the 120-day rule.
• Global Taxation Standards: Countries worldwide use residency criteria to determine tax liability, with India revising its rules to align with international norms.

The correct answer is Coal.

Key Points

• The Mineral Laws (Amendment) Act, 2020, was introduced to allow commercial coal mining by private players, ending the monopoly of Coal India Limited (CIL).
• The Act enabled any entity, including non-mining companies, to participate in auctions and mine coal for commercial purposes.
• This reform aims to increase coal production and reduce India's dependency on coal imports, thereby enhancing energy security.
• The amendment also allows for seamless transfer of statutory clearances to new bidders during auction, speeding up the process.
• Commercial mining permits entities to sell coal in the open market, fostering competition and boosting the coal economy.

Additional Information

• Coal Mining in India:
  • India is the second-largest producer of coal globally, with significant reserves primarily in states like Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal.
  • Coal accounts for nearly 55% of India's energy needs, making it a critical resource for power generation.
• Commercial Coal Mining:
  • Prior to 2020, commercial coal mining was restricted to state-owned entities like Coal India Limited (CIL).
  • The new policy aims to attract private investment and modernize the mining sector through technological advancements.
• Environmental Concerns:
  • Coal mining has environmental implications, including deforestation, habitat destruction, and greenhouse gas emissions, necessitating a balance between economic growth and sustainability.
• Energy Security:
  • India's push for commercial coal mining aligns with its goal of achieving self-reliance in energy production and reducing the burden of coal imports.

The correct answer is non-fossil fuels.

Key Points

• The Energy Conservation (Amendment) Bill, 2022, aims to promote the use of non-fossil fuels to ensure a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy supply.
• The bill seeks to encourage the adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, biomass, and hydrogen.
• This legislative move is in line with India's commitment to reduce its carbon footprint and tackle climate change.
• By shifting towards non-fossil fuels, the government aims to reduce dependency on imported fossil fuels and promote energy security.
• The bill also includes provisions for the establishment of a carbon market and the imposition of energy consumption standards.

 Additional Information

• Tungsten filament bulbs in houses
  • Tungsten filament bulbs are an older technology and are being phased out in favor of more energy-efficient lighting such as LED bulbs.
  • These bulbs consume more electricity compared to modern lighting solutions and are not aligned with energy conservation goals.
• Subsidy on petrol vehicles
  • Providing subsidies on petrol vehicles would increase the consumption of fossil fuels and is contrary to the objectives of promoting sustainability and reducing carbon emissions.
• Electric vehicles
  • While promoting electric vehicles (EVs) is essential for reducing emissions, the bill specifically focuses on the broader category of non-fossil fuels, which includes renewable energy sources.

The correct answer is To prohibit strikes, lockouts and layoffs in units engaged in essential defence services.

Key Points

• The Essential Defence Services Bill, 2021 was introduced to ensure the uninterrupted supply of essential services concerning the nation's defence and security.
• The Bill aims to prohibit strikes, lockouts, and layoffs in units engaged in essential defence services to maintain operational efficiency and readiness.
• This legislation empowers the government to declare any service in the defence sector as an essential defence service if its stoppage would affect the nation’s security, defence preparedness, or the functioning of the armed forces.
• Violations of the provisions of this Bill can lead to penalties, including imprisonment and fines, to ensure strict compliance and maintain discipline within these critical sectors.

Additional Information

• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Defence Services:
  • The Indian government allows up to 74% FDI in the defence sector through automatic route and beyond 74% through the government route wherever it is likely to result in access to modern technology or for other reasons to be recorded.
  • FDI in the defence sector is aimed at boosting domestic manufacturing and reducing dependency on imports.
• Women in Defence Services:
  • India has been progressively increasing the induction of women in various branches of the defence forces.
  • Women are now allowed in combat roles, and the government has also taken steps to ensure permanent commission for women officers.
• One Rank One Pension (OROP):
  • OROP is a long-standing demand of the Indian armed forces for uniform pension to be paid to military personnel retiring in the same rank with the same length of service, irrespective of their date of retirement.
  • The scheme aims to bridge the gap between the pensions of current and past pensioners at periodic intervals.

The correct answer is 1920.

Key Points

• Criminal Procedure (Identification) Bill 2022 seeks to repeal the Identification of Prisoners Act 1920. The said Act, in its present form, provides access to a limited category of persons whose body measurements can be taken
• As per the Bill, any person convicted, arrested, or held under any preventive detention law will be required to provide “measurements” to a police officer or a prison official.
• Resistance to or refusal to allow the taking of measurements under this Act shall be deemed to be an offense under section 186 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC).
• It authorizes law enforcement agencies to collect, store and analyze physical and biological samples of convicts and other persons for the purposes of identification and investigation in criminal matters.

Additional Information

• This was done in the backdrop of the State of UP vs Ram Babu Misra, where the Apex Court had highlighted the need for amending this law.
• The Criminal Procedure (Identification) Bill, 2022 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 28th March 2022. It was passed by the Rajya Sabha on 6th April.
• The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) will be the central agency to maintain the records

The correct answer is March 24, 2022

Key Points

• The Appropriation Bill gives power to the government to withdraw funds from the Consolidated Fund of India for fulfilling the expenditure during the financial year.
• The government cannot withdraw money from the Consolidated Fund of India till the implementation of the appropriation bill.
• To meet the direct expenses the Constitution has authorized the Lok Sabha to make any grant in advance for a part of the financial year. This provision is known as the ‘Vote on Account
• As per Article 114 of the Constitution, the government can withdraw money from the Consolidated Fund only after receiving approval from Parliament.

Additional Information

• The defeat of an Appropriation Bill in Loksabha would lead to the resignation of the government.
• The unique feature of the Appropriation Bill is its automatic repeal clause, whereby the Act gets repealed by itself after it meets its statutory purpose.
• Both appropriation and finance bills are classified as money bills that do not require the explicit consent of the Rajya Sabha. The Rajya Sabha only discusses them and returns the bills,
• Appropriation bills specify the quantum and purpose for withdrawing money, while the Finance bill contains a provision for financing the expenditure of the government.

The correct answer is I, II and III.

Key Points

• Indian Antarctic Bill 2022:
  • In October 2021, India extended its support for protecting the Antarctic environment and for co-sponsoring the proposal of the European Union for designating East Antarctica and the Weddell Sea as Marine Protected Areas (MPAs).
  • The bill has listed strict guidelines and a system of permits, which will be issued by a government-appointed committee, without which any expedition or individual will not be allowed to enter Antarctica.
  • The bill has a provision to establish a committee on Antarctic governance and environmental protection to monitor, implement and ensure compliance with the relevant international laws, emissions standards and rules of protection.
  • The Bill further prohibits drilling, dredging, excavation or collection of mineral resources or even doing anything to identify where such mineral deposits occur.
  • The only exception is for scientific research with a permit.
  • There will be strict prohibitions on damaging native plants, flying or landing helicopters or operating vessels that could disturb birds and seals, using firearms that could disturb the birds and animals, removing soil or any biological material native to Antarctica, engaging in any activity that could adversely change the habitat of birds and animals, or harm them.
  • The Bill is applicable to Indian citizens as well as foreign citizens.

The correct answer is Three.

Key Points

• Parliament has passed the Delhi Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill, 2022.
• The Bill seeks to further amend the Delhi Municipal Corporation Act, 1957 and proposes to unify the three existing Municipal Corporations of Delhi into one Municipal Corporation of Delhi.
• It also limits the number of councillors from 272 to the maximum of 250.​

Additional Information

• The bill envisages bringing about greater transparency, improved governance and more efficient delivery of civic service for the people of Delhi.
• At present, the three corporations in Delhi, North, South and East Delhi Municipal Corporations, have a total of 272 seats.
• While North and South corporations have 104 wards each, the East Corporation has 64 wards.

The correct answer is March 25, 2022

Key Points

•  Delhi Municipal Corporation
  • On March 30, 2022, the Lok Sabha approved a bill that would merge the three municipal corporations of Delhi into a single organisation.
  • The House adopted the Delhi Municipal Corporation (Amendment) Bill, 2022 following a response from Home Minister Amit Shah.
  • The bill aims to provide a solid system for coordinated planning, efficient resource use, and enhanced governance.

Additional Information

•  An Act of Parliament established MCD on April 7, 1958. Previous to that, Delhi's main civic organisation was the DMC (Delhi Municipal Committee).
• The MCD councillor that served the longest consecutively was Guru Radha Kishan (initially Delhi Municipal Committee).
• The 1993 revision to the Act changed the corporation's makeup, operations, governance, and management in significant ways.
• ​The majority of Delhi, India is governed by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD).
• The MCD is one of the biggest municipal organisations in the world, offering civic services to the estimated more than 11 million residents of the nation's capital.
• The New Delhi Municipal Council, Delhi Cantonment Board, and MCD are the other two municipalities in the National Capital Region of Delhi.
• The municipal corporation is located within a 539.5-mile (1,397.3-km2) region. It is the only municipality in Delhi that residents can vote on.

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• The Constitution (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) Order (Second Amendment) Bill, 2022 was passed by the Indian Parliament.
• It is specifically related to the state of Uttar Pradesh.
• The bill modifies the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, and the Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) (Uttar Pradesh) Order, 1967, both of which enumerate the communities recognized as Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs).
• These changes pertain to the reclassification and inclusion of certain communities within the SC and ST categories in Uttar Pradesh.
• These amendments aim to provide relevant benefits, reservations, and protections under the Indian Constitution to the newly added communities.
• By acknowledging the socio-economic challenges faced by these communities, this bill seeks to uplift them through affirmative action.

The correct answer is carbon credit trading schemes.

Key Points

• Energy Conservation (Amendment) Bill, 2022
  • ​The Energy Conservation (Amendment) Bill, 2022 was introduced by the government in the Lok Sabha.
  • The bill provides for mandatory minimum use of non-fossil sources, including green hydrogen and green ammonia, for feedstock, setting up a carbon trading market, and bringing large residential buildings under energy conservation.
  • This bill seeks to amend the Energy Conservation Act, 2001.
  • The Act promotes energy efficiency and conservation. It provides for the regulation of energy consumed by appliances, household appliances, buildings, and industries.

Additional Information

•  Energy Conservation Act, 2001
  • ​The Energy Conservation Act, 2001 was enacted to provide for efficient use of energy and its conservation and matters connected therewith, the Act provides for the establishment and incorporation of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE).

The correct answer is Human embryo.

Key Points

• On July 20, 2022, Union government restricted the import of human embryos in accordance with the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Act, 2021.
• Before this, such imports were restricted or prohibited except for research purposes.

Additional Information

• Embryo
  • An embryo grows into a baby by the "Mitosis division".
  • Mitosis involves the division of "body cells".
  • Meiosis involves the division of "sex cells".
  • In mitosis cell division, a cell divides into two cells that are similar to each other and have the same number of chromosomes.
  • In meiosis cell division, a cell divides into four cells, and the number of chromosomes is halved. 
  • The mitosis division process has the following stages such as prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.
• ​Women’s egg
  • Women's egg cells which are necessary for reproduction are also called ovum.
  • Oocytes are immature egg cells.
  • Sperm is the male germ cell.
  • Ovaries are female sex organs. 

• Stem cell
  • Stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells in multicellular animals that can specialize in many types of cells and multiply endlessly to produce additional stem cells.
  • In a cell lineage, they are the earliest form of cell.
  • Tissue-specific stem cells (also referred to as somatic or adult stem cells) are more specialized than embryonic stem cells.
• Kidney
  • The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs in our renal system.
  • Kidneys comprise a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra.
  • Kidneys are located on either side of the backbone on the posterior surface.
  • The kidneys perform many vital functions, including maintaining overall balance fluid, regulating, verifying & filtering minerals from the blood, etc.

The correct answer is Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920.

Key Points

• The Criminal Procedure (Identification) Bill, 2022 seeks to replace the Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920, which is over a century old.
• The 1920 Act allowed for the collection of only limited data such as fingerprints and footprint impressions of certain convicted individuals.
• The new Bill proposes the collection of a wider range of data, including biological samples, retina scans, and behavioral attributes like handwriting and signatures.
• It aims to modernize the process of identifying individuals involved in criminal activities, enhancing the efficiency of the criminal justice system.
• The Bill includes provisions for taking such measurements not only from convicted persons but also from arrested individuals and other persons in custody under certain conditions.

Additional Information

• Scope of the Bill: The Bill expands the scope of data collection to include physical, biological, and behavioral data, ensuring a more comprehensive identification process.
• Implementation Authority: The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) is tasked with collecting, storing, and preserving the measurements and sharing them with law enforcement agencies.
• Legal Safeguards: The Bill provides safeguards to prevent misuse of data, including the destruction of collected data after a prescribed period or upon acquittal of the individual.
• Criticism and Concerns: Critics have raised concerns about privacy and potential misuse of sensitive personal data, citing the lack of robust data protection laws in India.
• Global Practices: Countries like the US and UK also collect extensive biometric data for criminal investigations, but such practices are often accompanied by strict data protection frameworks.

The correct answer is 120 days.

Key Points

• After the amendments to the Financial Bill in 2020, an individual is classified as a Non-Resident Indian (NRI) for tax purposes if their stay in India is less than 120 days during the financial year.
• Previously, the threshold for determining NRI status was 182 days, but this was revised to 120 days to prevent tax evasion by high-net-worth individuals.
• This amendment applies to individuals whose total income, excluding foreign income, exceeds ₹15 lakh during the financial year.
• The change was introduced to align residency rules with international taxation standards and ensure that individuals contributing significant income in India are taxed appropriately.
• Such individuals are taxed only on income earned or accrued in India, safeguarding their foreign earnings from Indian taxation.

Additional Information

• Non-Resident Indian (NRI): An NRI is an Indian citizen residing outside India for employment, business, or other purposes, or stays outside India for an uncertain duration.
• Financial Bill 2020 Amendments: These amendments aim to streamline tax residency criteria and eliminate loopholes that enable tax avoidance.
• Tax Residency in India: Individuals are categorized as "resident" or "non-resident" based on the duration of their stay in India during the financial year.
• ₹15 lakh Threshold: This income limit applies to the revised residency rules; individuals earning below this threshold remain unaffected by the 120-day rule.
• Global Taxation Standards: Countries worldwide use residency criteria to determine tax liability, with India revising its rules to align with international norms.