Animal Tissues MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Animal Tissues - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Removal of dust particle from trachea

Explanation: 

• Ciliary movement is characterized by the coordinated, wave-like motions of cilia, which are hair-like structures on the surface of certain cells.
• In the respiratory tract, ciliary movement helps to remove dust and other particles from the trachea by moving mucus up towards the throat where it can be swallowed or expelled. This is an important mechanism for keeping the airways clear.

The correct answer is Plenty of mitochondria are present in white muscle fibres.

Explanation:

Muscle contains a red coloured oxygen storing pigment called myoglobin.

• Myoglobin content is high in some of the muscles which gives a reddish appearance. Such muscles are called the Red fibres.
  • These muscles also contain plenty of mitochondria which can utilise the large amount of oxygen stored in them for ATP production.
  • These muscles, therefore, can also be called aerobic muscles. 
• Some of the muscles possess very less quantity of myoglobin and therefore, appear pale or whitish. These are the White fibres.
  • Number of mitochondria are also few in them, but the amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum is high.
  • They depend on anaerobic process for energy.

The correct answer is a-III, b-IV, c-V, d-I, e-II

Explanation:

A. Simple Squamous Epithelium- (iii) Lining of alveoli of lungs

• Simple squamous epithelium consists of a single layer of flat cells. This type of epithelium offers a thin barrier, which allows for efficient gas exchange. It is commonly found lining the alveoli in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.

B. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium-  (iv) Lining of thyroid vesicles

• Simple cuboidal epithelium is made up of a single layer of cube-shaped cells. These cells often line glands and their ducts, providing protection and aiding in secretion and absorption. It is typically found lining the thyroid vesicles where it facilitates the secretion of thyroid hormones.

C. Non-ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium-  (v) Mucosa of stomach, intestine

• Non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium consists of a single layer of tall, closely packed cells. This type of epithelium can be found lining the digestive tract, including the stomach and intestines, where it aids in absorption and secretion of digestive juices.

D. Transitional Epithelium-  (i) Ureters

• Transitional epithelium is specialized to stretch and change shape. It is found lining structures in the urinary system, such as the ureters, bladder, and parts of the urethra. This flexibility allows these organs to expand and contract with the passage of urine.

E. Pseudostratified Non-ciliated Columnar Epithelium-  (ii) Epididymis

• Pseudostratified non-ciliated columnar epithelium appears to be stratified but is actually a single layer with nuclei at different levels. This type is typically found in the epididymis, where it aids in the maturation and transport of sperm.

Concept:

• A group of cells having similar structures and function is called tissue.
• The tissues in a complex multicellular animal's body are organized in specific proportions and patterns.
• Tissues are organized into organs. An organ system consists of two or more organs that work together and perform common functions.
• Animal tissues are mainly of four types - Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscular tissue, and Nervous tissue.

Important Points

CONNECTIVE TISSUE:

• ​Connective tissue helps connect/link one part of the body to another, hence the name.
• It provides support and strength to other body tissues and organs.
• Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm.
• Connective tissue comprises a variety of cells that are embedded in its intercellular matrix.
• Connective tissue, however, has fewer cells compared to its high amount of intercellular matrix.
• It is a highly vascular tissue.
• Functions:
  • Helps connect different body parts.
  • Provides protection to vital organs.
  • Act as packing material, etc.
• Types: Based on the nature of the intercellular matrix, the connective tissue is divided as follows:

1. Connective tissue proper
   • Loose connective tissue - Areolar and Adipose tissue
   • Dense connective tissue - Ligament and Tendon
2. Supporting connective tissue
   • Cartilage and bone
3. Fluid connective tissue
   • Blood and lymph ​

• Thus from the above-given information, the only feature among those given that is not found in connective tissue is: Cells are found close together.

So the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is Xylem.

Key Points

• Complex Permanent Tissue: A cluster of structurally distinct cells carrying out a common function or series of functions is referred to as complex permanent tissue. They are composed of various cell types. 
• Phloem and xylem are examples of these tissues.  
  • Xylem:
    • It facilitates the movement of water and dissolved materials throughout the plant.
    • The various parts of the xylem consist of parenchyma, vessels, tracheids, and xylem fibers.
    • Lignin makes up the xylem fibers and cheids, which give the plant structural support.
  • Phloem:
    • Food particles can be transported with the help of phloem.
    • Complementary cells, sieve cells, sieve tubes, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma make up phloem.

Additional Information

• Permanent tissues: Although these cells can no longer spread, they are specialized to provide the plant with strength, elasticity, and flexibility.
  • These tissues also fall into the following categories:
    • Simple Permanent Tissue
    • Complex Permanent Tissue​​
• Collenchyma: These are live, elongated cells with minuscule spaces between them.
  • Pectin and cellulose make up their cell walls.
  • It provides plants with mechanical support and a flexible structural framework.
  • It is found on the margins of leaves and stems.
• Plants have an apical meristem, an area of cells that can divide and expand at the terminals of their roots and shoots.
  • The apical meristems extend the roots and shoots and give rise to the main body of the plant.
  • Because this and other meristems can divide indefinitely, unlike most mammals, plants can grow for the entirety of their lives.
• Lateral meristems : This kind of meristem is found along the stem and root's longitudinal axis.
  • Another name for it is a secondary meristem.
  • Through division, the lateral meristem's cells proliferate and aid in the thickening of the stem and root.
  • One kind of lateral meristem that creates the xylem and phloem is the vascular cambium.

The correct answer is Xylem.

Key Points

• Complex Permanent Tissue: A cluster of structurally distinct cells carrying out a common function or series of functions is referred to as complex permanent tissue. They are composed of various cell types. 
• Phloem and xylem are examples of these tissues.  
  • Xylem:
    • It facilitates the movement of water and dissolved materials throughout the plant.
    • The various parts of the xylem consist of parenchyma, vessels, tracheids, and xylem fibers.
    • Lignin makes up the xylem fibers and cheids, which give the plant structural support.
  • Phloem:
    • Food particles can be transported with the help of phloem.
    • Complementary cells, sieve cells, sieve tubes, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma make up phloem.

Additional Information

• Permanent tissues: Although these cells can no longer spread, they are specialized to provide the plant with strength, elasticity, and flexibility.
  • These tissues also fall into the following categories:
    • Simple Permanent Tissue
    • Complex Permanent Tissue​​
• Collenchyma: These are live, elongated cells with minuscule spaces between them.
  • Pectin and cellulose make up their cell walls.
  • It provides plants with mechanical support and a flexible structural framework.
  • It is found on the margins of leaves and stems.
• Plants have an apical meristem, an area of cells that can divide and expand at the terminals of their roots and shoots.
  • The apical meristems extend the roots and shoots and give rise to the main body of the plant.
  • Because this and other meristems can divide indefinitely, unlike most mammals, plants can grow for the entirety of their lives.
• Lateral meristems : This kind of meristem is found along the stem and root's longitudinal axis.
  • Another name for it is a secondary meristem.
  • Through division, the lateral meristem's cells proliferate and aid in the thickening of the stem and root.
  • One kind of lateral meristem that creates the xylem and phloem is the vascular cambium.

Key Points

• Syncytium refers to a single cell mass containing numerous nuclei, usually caused due to fusion of cells.
• Muscles are divided into 3 major classes:

Important Points

• Cardiac muscle look like syncytium but histologically it is not syncytium: Assertion is TRUE
  • It does look like a syncytium with multiple nucleus.
  • From the above table we see that cardiac muscles are uninucleate.
  • Thus, it cannot be a syncytium histologically.
• Reason is TRUE
  • Cardiac muscle fibers are joined end-to-end by flat zig-zag junctions called intercalated discs.
  • The fibers are interconnected by oblique bridges, forming a network.
  • This gives the look of a syncytium, but they are actually individual fibers.
  • They are also branched muscle fibers with interdigitation.
  • Each fibre has a centrally located nucleus and covered by a special covering sarcolemma.

Concept:

• Animal tissues are different and are broadly classified into four types : (i) Epithelial, (ii) Connective, (iii) Muscular, and (iv) Neural
• Epithelial tissue provides a covering or a lining for some parts of the body.
• Connective tissues are most abundant and widely distributed in the body of complex animals. 
• Muscle is made of many long, cylindrical fibers arranged in parallel arrays. They are three types, skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
• Neural tissue exerts the greatest control over the body’s responsiveness to changing conditions.

Explanation:

• Ciliated epithelium is mainly present on the inner surface of hollow organs like bronchioles and fallopian tubes. The function is to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium.
• Some of the columnar or cuboidal cells get specialized for secretion and are called the glandular epithelium. They are mainly of two types: unicellular, consisting of isolated glandular cells (goblet cells of the alimentary canal), and multicellular, consisting of clusters of cells (salivary gland).
• Tendons are dense regular connective tissues. They attach skeletal muscles to bones.
• Adipose tissue is a type of loose connective tissue located mainly beneath the skin. The cells of this tissue are specialized to store fats.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is Removal of dust particle from trachea

Explanation: 

• Ciliary movement is characterized by the coordinated, wave-like motions of cilia, which are hair-like structures on the surface of certain cells.
• In the respiratory tract, ciliary movement helps to remove dust and other particles from the trachea by moving mucus up towards the throat where it can be swallowed or expelled. This is an important mechanism for keeping the airways clear.

Concept:

• Cartilage is a connective tissue.
• It is flexible that provides structural support and protection for the joints of body.
• Cartilages are composed of specialized cells known as chondrocytes.
• Cartilage provides protection for the spinal cord, cushioning for the skeletal system, flexibility to the movements, and holds articular joints together.
• There are three types of cartilage present in our body - Hyaline, Elastic, and Fibrocartilage.
• Hyaline cartilage is the most common cartilage in the body.

Important Points

Option 1: CORRECT

• Hyaline is flexible and elastic in nature.
• These are found in the joints of our body, thus it makes our joints compressible.
• It provides flexibility to our body movements.

Option 2: CORRECT

• As it is present in the extremities of leg bones, laryngeal wall, nasal septum, and superscapula, so provides flexibility, cushioning, and protection to the organs.
• Also found in joints between the bones like in the elbows, knees, and ankles, and between the vertebrae in the spine.

Option 3: INCORRECT

• Chondrocytes produce large amounts of the extracellular matrix. 
• The matrix is translucent, smooth, and slippery.

Option 4: CORRECT

• Hyaline cartilage is located at the ends of the ribs and connects ribs to the sternum.

Hence, the correct answer is option (3).

Concept:

• A group of cells having similar structures and function is called tissue.
• The tissues in a complex multicellular animal's body are organized in specific proportions and patterns.
• Tissues are organized into organs. An organ system consists of two or more organs that work together and perform common functions.
• Animal tissues are mainly of four types - Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscular tissue, and Nervous tissue.

Important Points

CONNECTIVE TISSUE:

• ​Connective tissue helps connect/link one part of the body to another, hence the name.
• It provides support and strength to other body tissues and organs.
• Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm.
• Connective tissue comprises a variety of cells that are embedded in its intercellular matrix.
• Connective tissue, however, has fewer cells compared to its high amount of intercellular matrix.
• It is a highly vascular tissue.
• Functions:
  • Helps connect different body parts.
  • Provides protection to vital organs.
  • Act as packing material, etc.
• Types: Based on the nature of the intercellular matrix, the connective tissue is divided as follows:

1. Connective tissue proper
   • Loose connective tissue - Areolar and Adipose tissue
   • Dense connective tissue - Ligament and Tendon
2. Supporting connective tissue
   • Cartilage and bone
3. Fluid connective tissue
   • Blood and lymph ​

• Thus from the above-given information, the only feature among those given that is not found in connective tissue is: Cells are found close together.

So the correct answer is option 2.

Concept:

• Epithelial cells cover the external surface of the body and lining of internal organs.
• The epithelial cells can be classified as 
  • squamous epithelium
  • columnar epithelium
  • cuboidal epithelium
• Based on the arrangement of the epithelial cells it can be divided into -
  • Simple: A simple epithelium means that there’s only one layer of cells.
  • Stratified: A stratified epithelium is made up of more than one layer of cells.

Important Points

• Internal cavity of the oviducts, ventricles of the brain and the respiratory passages are lined by the ciliated epithelium.
• The cuboidal and columnar cells which bear hair like appendages called cilia on their free surfaces, are called ciliated epithelium.
• The cilia help in the movement of particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium.​

Additional Information

• Squamous epithelium - 
  • Squamous epithelial cells are flat and sheet-like in appearance.
  • They are found in walls of blood vessels.
• Transitional epithelium - 
  • It is made of several layers of cells that may become flattened on stretching.
  • It is present in the urinary tract and helps in the expansion of the bladder.
  • It is also known as urothelium.

The correct answer is Xylem.

Key Points

• Complex Permanent Tissue: A cluster of structurally distinct cells carrying out a common function or series of functions is referred to as complex permanent tissue. They are composed of various cell types. 
• Phloem and xylem are examples of these tissues.  
  • Xylem:
    • It facilitates the movement of water and dissolved materials throughout the plant.
    • The various parts of the xylem consist of parenchyma, vessels, tracheids, and xylem fibers.
    • Lignin makes up the xylem fibers and cheids, which give the plant structural support.
  • Phloem:
    • Food particles can be transported with the help of phloem.
    • Complementary cells, sieve cells, sieve tubes, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma make up phloem.

Additional Information

• Permanent tissues: Although these cells can no longer spread, they are specialized to provide the plant with strength, elasticity, and flexibility.
  • These tissues also fall into the following categories:
    • Simple Permanent Tissue
    • Complex Permanent Tissue​​
• Collenchyma: These are live, elongated cells with minuscule spaces between them.
  • Pectin and cellulose make up their cell walls.
  • It provides plants with mechanical support and a flexible structural framework.
  • It is found on the margins of leaves and stems.
• Plants have an apical meristem, an area of cells that can divide and expand at the terminals of their roots and shoots.
  • The apical meristems extend the roots and shoots and give rise to the main body of the plant.
  • Because this and other meristems can divide indefinitely, unlike most mammals, plants can grow for the entirety of their lives.
• Lateral meristems : This kind of meristem is found along the stem and root's longitudinal axis.
  • Another name for it is a secondary meristem.
  • Through division, the lateral meristem's cells proliferate and aid in the thickening of the stem and root.
  • One kind of lateral meristem that creates the xylem and phloem is the vascular cambium.

Key Points

• Syncytium refers to a single cell mass containing numerous nuclei, usually caused due to fusion of cells.
• Muscles are divided into 3 major classes:

Important Points

• Cardiac muscle look like syncytium but histologically it is not syncytium: Assertion is TRUE
  • It does look like a syncytium with multiple nucleus.
  • From the above table we see that cardiac muscles are uninucleate.
  • Thus, it cannot be a syncytium histologically.
• Reason is TRUE
  • Cardiac muscle fibers are joined end-to-end by flat zig-zag junctions called intercalated discs.
  • The fibers are interconnected by oblique bridges, forming a network.
  • This gives the look of a syncytium, but they are actually individual fibers.
  • They are also branched muscle fibers with interdigitation.
  • Each fibre has a centrally located nucleus and covered by a special covering sarcolemma.

Concept:

• Animal tissues are different and are broadly classified into four types : (i) Epithelial, (ii) Connective, (iii) Muscular, and (iv) Neural
• Epithelial tissue provides a covering or a lining for some parts of the body.
• Connective tissues are most abundant and widely distributed in the body of complex animals. 
• Muscle is made of many long, cylindrical fibers arranged in parallel arrays. They are three types, skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
• Neural tissue exerts the greatest control over the body’s responsiveness to changing conditions.

Explanation:

• Ciliated epithelium is mainly present on the inner surface of hollow organs like bronchioles and fallopian tubes. The function is to move particles or mucus in a specific direction over the epithelium.
• Some of the columnar or cuboidal cells get specialized for secretion and are called the glandular epithelium. They are mainly of two types: unicellular, consisting of isolated glandular cells (goblet cells of the alimentary canal), and multicellular, consisting of clusters of cells (salivary gland).
• Tendons are dense regular connective tissues. They attach skeletal muscles to bones.
• Adipose tissue is a type of loose connective tissue located mainly beneath the skin. The cells of this tissue are specialized to store fats.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.