Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to bounded buffer in shared memory systems?

Bounded buffer: Bounded buffer helps control the flow of data between producers and consumers, ensuring that producers do not overwhelm the system with too much data and consumers do not try to consume non-existent data.

• The consumer must wait if the buffer is empty because there are no items to consume.
• The producer must wait if the buffer is full because there is no space to produce and place new items.
• This ensures that the producer and consumer operate in a synchronized manner.

Producer operation: Producers add items to the buffer. A producer must wait if the buffer is full.

Consumer operation: Consumers remove items from the buffer. A consumer must wait if the buffer is empty.

Here, option 2 is correct.