Which one of the following is an example of ex-situ conservation?

The correct answer is Zoos and botanical gardens

Concept:

• Conservation of biodiversity can be broadly classified into two methods: in-situ conservation and ex-situ conservation.
  • In-situ conservation: It refers to the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats, along with the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural surroundings. It includes protected areas such as Biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries where ecosystems and species are conserved in their natural
  • Ex-situ conservation: It involves the conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. It is often used for species that are at high risk of extinction in the wild. Examples include zoos, botanical gardens, wildlife safari and seed banks.

Explanation:

• Zoos and botanical gardens: These are examples of ex-situ conservation. They involve the preservation of species outside their natural habitats. Here, animals and plants are provided with a controlled environment that mimics their natural surroundings as much as possible. These facilities play a crucial role in breeding programs, research, public education, and reintroducing species into the wild when conditions permit.
  • Zoos: Focus on preserving and breeding animal species.
  • Botanical gardens: Aim to conserve diverse plant species, including rare and endangered ones.