Which of the following statements is correct?

I. Distance between the particles in gases is largest than solids and liquids.

II. Distance between the particles in gases remains the same under the compression.

III. Distance between the particles in gases decreases under the compression.

IV. Distance between the particles in gases increases as the temperature increases. 

The correct answer is Option 1: I, III and IV only.

Key Points

• Statement I: In gases, the distance between particles is significantly larger compared to solids and liquids. This is due to weak intermolecular forces and high kinetic energy.
• Statement III: Under compression, the distance between gas particles decreases as they are forced closer together, reducing the volume.
• Statement IV: As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of gas particles increases, causing them to move further apart and increasing the distance between them.
• Statement II: Incorrect, as compression alters the distance between particles in gases; it does not remain the same.
• Thus, the correct combination of statements is I, III, and IV only.

Additional Information

• Intermolecular Forces: In solids, particles are tightly packed due to strong forces; in liquids, they are closer but can flow; in gases, the forces are negligible, allowing free movement.
• Compression in Gases: When gases are compressed, their volume decreases, and particles are forced closer together, leading to reduced intermolecular distance.
• Effect of Temperature on Gases: Higher temperatures increase the kinetic energy of particles, causing them to move faster and spread apart, increasing the distance between them.
• Kinetic Theory of Gases: This theory explains the behavior of gas particles, including their motion, interactions, and how factors like temperature and pressure affect them.
• Applications: Understanding gas behavior is critical in fields like thermodynamics, chemistry, and engineering, where processes like refrigeration, combustion, and fluid dynamics are studied.