Which of the following conclusions could not be derived from Rutherford’s α -particle scattering experiement?

Correct answer: 3)

Concept:

• Rutherford's model described the atom as a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, in which nearly all the mass is concentrated, around which the light, negative constituents, called electrons, circulate at some distance, much like planets revolving around the Sun.

Explanation:

• Conclusion of Rutherford α -particle scattering experiment regarding the structure of the atom: Most of the space in an atom is empty because most of the α–particles passed through the foil undeflected.
• A few positively charged α–particles were deflected which confirms that the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom were densely concentrated in an extremely small region, called the nucleus.
•  According to Rutherford the volume occupied by the nucleus is negligibly small as compared to the total volume of the atom.
• The radius of the atom is about 10–10 m, while that of the nucleus is 10–15 m. 
• The nucleus is surrounded by electrons that move around the nucleus at a very high speed in circular paths called orbits. 
• Rutherford’s model of the atom resembles the solar system in which the nucleus plays the role of the sun and the electrons of revolving planets.
•  Electrons and the nucleus are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.

Conclusion:

The conclusion of Rutherford’s α -particle scattering experiment does not describe that the electrons move in a circular path of fixed energy called orbits.

Additional Information Drawbacks of Rutherford's postulates:
According to classical electromagnetic theory, if a charged particle moves under influence of attractive force, it loses its energy continuously in the form of electromagnetic radiation and it should ultimately fall into the nucleus. But the atom is stable.