What type of substation is used in distributed generation projects such as wind farms?

The correct answer is option 2) Collector Substation

Explanation:

Distributed Substation: These are networked substations that are distributed across a particular area to step down voltage levels for distribution to consumers. They aren't specifically utilized for distributed generation projects like wind farms.

Collector Substation: In the context of wind farms, the correct type of substation is known as a collector substation. Its role is to collect the energy output from the wind turbines and step up the voltage for transmission. It connects the low-voltage electrical network of the wind farm (usually at medium voltage level) to the high-voltage public electricity network.

Converter Substation: These are utilized in High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems, often for the transmission of power in bulk over long distances. While they could be part of large-scale wind power installations, they aren't the specific type of substation typically installed in wind farms for the purpose of collecting power.

Railway Substation: As the name suggests, railway substations are designed for use in railways. They convert the power supply to a suitable voltage and frequency to be used by railway systems. They're not connected to wind farm uses.