What impact did the Green Revolution have on India's dependence on food imports?

The correct answer is Decreased dependence on food imports.

Key Points

• The Green Revolution in India, initiated in the 1960s, led to a significant increase in agricultural productivity, especially in the production of wheat and rice.
• It introduced high-yield variety (HYV) seeds, modern irrigation techniques, and chemical fertilizers, enabling self-sufficiency in food production.
• By the late 1970s, India transitioned from a food-deficient country to a food surplus nation, reducing its reliance on food imports.
• The Green Revolution helped India achieve food security, especially during times of population growth and economic challenges.
• It also played a critical role in alleviating famines and ensuring the availability of staple foods domestically, lessening external dependence.

Additional Information

• High-Yield Variety (HYV) Seeds: These seeds were pivotal to the Green Revolution, offering higher productivity compared to traditional seeds, especially for crops like wheat and rice.
• Role of Irrigation: The expansion of irrigation infrastructure, such as canals and tube wells, ensured a consistent water supply, crucial for HYV seeds' success.
• Fertilizers and Pesticides: The increased use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides significantly boosted crop yields but also raised concerns about environmental impact.
• Impact on Rural Economy: While the Green Revolution increased incomes for many farmers, it also widened the gap between large and small landholders, leading to socio-economic disparities.
• Food Security Achievements: India’s improved agricultural output enabled the establishment of the Public Distribution System (PDS) and buffer stock management, ensuring food availability during crises.