The Delhi Sultan who introduced Market Reforms

The correct answer is Ala-ud-din Khilji.

Key Points:Alauddin Khilji:

• Alauddin Khilji introduced the “Market Reforms".
• Ala-ud-din followed the Divine Right Theory of Kingship.
• He introduced four ordinances to prevent repeated revolts.
• He impounded pious grants and free grants of lands.
• He restructured the spy system.
• He banned social parties and wine.
• He introduced a permanent standing army.
• He started the system of branding of horses and a descriptive roster of individual soldiers to inhibit corruption.
• He fixed the prices of necessary commodities which were below the normal market rates.

Additional InformationMuhammad Tughlaq:

• In 1325 A.D. Junakhan, the crown prince sworn the title Muhammad-bin-Tughluq.
• Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq stood for the administrative and political unity of India.
• In 1327 A.D. he captured Warangal.
• In 1330, after his failed expedition to Deogiri, he issued token currency; that is coins of brass and copper were minted whose value was equal to that of gold and silver coins.
• He transferred his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (in present-day Maharashtra) in the Deccan region of India in 1327.
• To fill the empty treasury, he raised taxes in the Doab region.
• Many people ran away to the forests to avoid heavy taxes due to which cultivation was neglected and severe food shortage occurred.

Firoz Tughlaq:

• Firoz Tughlaq (1351-1388 A.D.) was the son of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq’s younger brother, in 1351A.D. 
• He succeeded the throne.
• He withdrew all Taquavi (agricultural) loans granted by Mohammed-bin-Tughlaq.
• He raised the salary of the revenue officers.
• He constructed 150 wells, 100 bridges, and 50 dams, and also dug many irrigation canals.
• He constructed towns like Firozabad, Hissar, Jaunpur, and Fatehabad.
• He devastated the Jagannath Temple at Puri.
• Firoz Shah Tughlaq was the first Sultan to impose an irrigation tax.