Select the correct option to complete the following sentence.

Listening comprehension is enhanced with a broader understanding in the: 

Listening comprehension involves the ability to understand and interpret spoken language. Different models explain how listeners process information. The Top-down model emphasizes the use of prior knowledge, experiences, and context to make sense of what is heard.

Key Points

• In the Top-down model, listeners rely on their background knowledge, context, and expectations to interpret spoken language.
• This approach allows for broader understanding because it doesn’t depend solely on decoding sounds or words but also on making meaning from context and prior experiences.
• It is especially useful when listening conditions are imperfect or when vocabulary is unfamiliar.

Hint

• The Bottoms-up model focuses on decoding sounds and words from smaller to larger units without relying on context.
• Cooperative model and Synchronous model are not standard models of listening comprehension in language learning.

Hence, the correct answer is top-down model.