Match List-I with List - II and select the correct answer using the code given below:

List-I

(Type of Mountain)

List-II

(Example)

(a) Block-moun-tain (i) Himalayas
(b) Old folded mountain (ii) Black-forest
(c) Relict mountain (iii) Scottish Highlands
(d) Young folded mountain (iv) Appalachian

This question was previously asked in
OPSC ASO (GK) 27 Aug 2022 Official Paper
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  1. (a)(iii), (b)(i), (c)(ii), (d)(iv)
  2. (a)(iii), (b)(i), (c)(iv), (d)(ii)
  3. (a)(ii), (b)(iv), (c)(iii), (d)(i)
  4. (a)(ii), (b)(iv), (c)(i), (d)(iii)

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : (a)(ii), (b)(iv), (c)(iii), (d)(i)
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

  • Block Mountain: The correct example is the Black Forest (a)(ii). Block mountains are formed due to the faulting and uplifting of Earth's crust, creating elevated blocks between valleys.
  • Old Folded Mountain: The Appalachian Mountains (b)(iv) represent this category. These mountains are formed through folding but have been significantly eroded over time.
  • Relict Mountain: The Scottish Highlands (c)(iii) are remnants of ancient mountains eroded over time, leaving behind isolated highlands.
  • Young Folded Mountain: The Himalayas (d)(i) are still tectonically active and represent the classic example of young folded mountains formed due to the collision of tectonic plates.

Important Points

  • The classification of mountains is based on their mode of formation. Mountains can broadly be categorized into block mountains, folded mountains, volcanic mountains, and residual/relict mountains.
  • Folded mountains (both young and old) are formed due to the compressional forces that fold the Earth's crust.
  • Residual or relict mountains are formed due to prolonged erosion, leaving behind resistant rock masses.
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